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John Wesley Quintero
Davao Research Journal
Adel Jeanne Taoc
The aim of this study is to explore the factors that affect the reading performance of Grade 3 pupils. This study was administered in a classroom with a total of 76 respondents using a researcher-made survey questionnaire that underwent a validity and reliability test. The result determined the level of reading performance of Grade 3 pupils from the data given by the advisers, which is remarked as "reader without comprehension." Moreover, this study determined the level of practice of the factors presented, the significant difference between paired factors, and the factors that best predict reading performance. Among the factors presented, this study revealed that vocabulary knowledge, background knowledge, teacher, and parental involvement best predict the reading performance of Grade 3 pupils at Boston Central Elementary School.
Journal of Integrated Elementary Education
Jeremie Maleon
The Related Variables and the Reading Proficiency Level of Grade Six Pupils
This study describes the relationship between the respondents' reading proficiency level as demonstrated in their Lexile Scores and the following variables: Respondent-related Factors, Teacher Factors, School Factors, and Home Factors. The Theory of Performance (ToP) by Don Elger served as the basis to develop the research instrument, i.e., survey questionnaire. Seventy (70) grade six pupils were authorized by a private school in the Philippines to become the respondents of the study. Correlated with the aforementioned factors were the pupils' reading Lexile Scores provided by Scholastic Philippines. The data were processed through the SPSS software using the Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient formula. Results revealed that among the four sets of factors, only Home Factors have a significant relationship with the Lexile Scores of the respondents. Furthermore, specific factors such as gender and mother's occupation relate with the pupils' reading proficiency level.
AJHSSR Journal
The study was sought to determine the reading level of Grade II Pupils scaffolding for reading program of Eastern Schools in Botolan District. A reading program was devised to Grade II pupils to enhance their reading ability. Descriptive research design and quantitative in its analysis was employed by the researcher. The reading level of Grade II pupils in terms of word recognition/ oral reading, silent reading comprehension, listening comprehension is frustration. The difficulties in reading level in terms of silent reading comprehension, listening comprehension was described as difficult. The proposed reading program on reading ability of Grade II pupils addresses the identified frustration level on oral reading, silent reading comprehension, listening comprehension, and their difficulties. The evaluation of the reading program by the teachers in terms of content and usefulness was of strongly agree. The Grade II pupils may encourage and motivate to develop a reading habit in school and at home. The Grade II pupils may be exposed to varied techniques, strategies, exercises in executing reading activities for them to be able to achieve the highest level of reading according to standards set by Department of Education. The teacher may provide additional reading materials like books, magazines, encyclopaedias or short story books to improve their reading level in oral reading and comprehension. The Reading Skills Enhancement Program (RSEP) may be proposed to the Department of Education, Division of Zambales for implementation in the Eastern Schools of Botolan, Philippines.
IJARW Research Publication , Faith Panisigan
This study aimed to determine the effect of psychological and social factors to the reading performance of the pupils. The respondents of the study were the intermediate pupils. Self-esteem was measured using the Rosenberg’s Self-esteem Scale; and the self-efficacy was determined using an adapted version of Bandura’s Children Self – Efficacy Scale (2006). The reading attitude was measured using the Elementary Reading Attitude Survey designed by McKenna and Kear (1990) and the reading performance was determined using the Philippine Informal Reading Inventory test of the Department of Education. It was found out that the reading performance of the pupils has significant difference when they are grouped according to parents’ educational attainment and availability of reading materials at home. Additionally, the extent of family support has low correlation to reading performance. Self-esteem and word recognition have insignificant correlation whereas self-esteem and comprehension showed a marked correlation. Moreover, self-efficacy and word recognition and comprehension resulted to a low correlation. Lastly, attitude towards reading showed a marked correlation to reading performance, both in word recognition and comprehension. The study concluded that the higher the educational attainment of the parents, the higher the pupils’ reading performance. Furthermore, the profile variables influence the reading performance of the pupils. Generally, the pupils’ self-esteem, self-efficacy, attitude towards reading, and the extent of family support have negligible to low and marked relationship to their reading performance.
Carlo Caparas
International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation
Arleen Rivera
The main purpose of the study was to diagnose the reading difficulties of grade 5 pupils in English. The researchers made use of descriptive method to obtain the data on the reading difficulties, comprehension, and behavioral performance of the respondents. To gather the data, the researchers adopted the reading selections from Philippine Informal Reading Inventory as a tool in examining the reading level of the pupils. As for the respondents’ reading miscues and behavioral performance, a teacher-made questionnaire was used to determine the learning areas that require intervention. The findings of the study pointed out that grade 5 pupils had difficulties on word recognition and reading comprehension. They tend to mispronounce English words and their behavior affects their performance while reading. A proposed reading program was included in this study to provide a reading remediation to learners with reading difficulties. Alongside with this initiative, teachers may conduct drill l...
European Journal of Education Studies
Rosemarie Sumalinog Gonzales
This qualitative phenomenological study was conducted to unveil the underlying issues that affect the poor reading skills of learners in Don Mariano Marcos Elementary School, Digos City, Davao del Sur. The qualitative analysis revealed that non-mastery of the elements of reading; presence of learners-at-risk; and no culture of reading affect the reading difficulty of Grade 2 learners. In fact, phonics, phonemic awareness, vocabulary, fluency, and understanding are the five independent parts that make up the reading skills of learners. Although they are frequently taught separately, these elements combine to produce strong, rich, and reliable reading abilities. Moreover, the presence of nonreaders, learners in poor health, LSENs in regular classes, learners' lack of interest in reading, a lack of orientation and training to teach reading, and learners' frequent absences from class are the causes of learners-at-risk. Furthermore, the lack of reading opportunities, a lack of reading materials, inadequate reading instruction, the absence of a reading partnership between parents, teachers, and students, a lack of teacher commitment and confidence in their ability to teach reading, improper implementation of a reading program, and a lack of monitoring of learners' progress during interventions are some of the perceived causes of a lack of a reading culture. Finally, literacy programs, individual reading recovery programs, enrichment/enhancement programs were proposed as a comprehensive reading programs to eliminate the reading problems of Grade 2 pupils in Don Mariano Marcos Elementary School.
This study aimed to test the effectiveness of an experiment with regard to developing the reading literacy among Grade I learners in the District of Candelaria. This research is quantitative in nature which utilized an experimental design where the experimental group, 99 pupisl-participants from public elementary schools in Candelaria, were selected as the study subjects and involved one group pre-test post-test design. The researcher utilized the following literacy strategies: Read-Aloud, K-W-L Charts, Graphic Organizers, Vocabulary Instruction, Writing to Learn, Structured Note-taking, and Reciprocal Teaching and engaged the pupil-participants in multiple readings of the texts over the course of eight weeks. The data gathered is analyzed using frequency distribution, descriptive statistics, and inferential statistics, specifically, T-test and One Way Analysis of Variance. The findings revealed that there is a significant difference in the performance of Grade I pupils in their reading competence based on the pre-test and post-test evaluation thus, utilizing a proper intervention can be instrumental in improving pupils' reading comprehension skill. Additionally, the study found out that there is no significant difference in the effectiveness of reading competence strategies before and after the activity.
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Open Journal of Social Sciences
Mary Jane Tomas
Ratna Rintaningrum Scopus Author ID 35772946400
Lambert Academic Publishing
Justice Agyei Ampofo
hülya sönmez
allieu mansaray
Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal
Psychology and Education , Christian Hector G. Misanes
International Journal of Social Science and Human Research
Jesusa Pineda
Mediterranean Journal of Humanities
Cem güzeller
norly calamaya
Maria Selena Protacio
Asia Pacific Journal of Education
International journal of research publications
cristene fontanilla
Daniela Vga
SSRN Electronic Journal
Jimmy Rey Cabardo
Asian Journal of Education and Social Studies
Richard Oco
ruth luciano
Aysha Sharif
Wizcraft Journal of Language and Literature ISSN 2319-4952
Dr. Abdul Awal
Research Paper Published in ERIC sponsored by US Department of Education
Dr. Neena Dash
Adani Shabrina
United International Journal for Research & Technology (UIJRT)
UIJRT | United International Journal for Research & Technology
Dr. Halil Taş
Kike España gazes across Málaga’s Plaza de la Merced.
It’s late morning and it's still a peaceful spot at this time of day - jacaranda trees fill the square, an obelisk monument sits at its centre and on the far side is the house where Pablo Picasso was born.
But it’s the city’s tourists, many of whom are already gathering in the host of nearby cafés, who concern Kike.
“The situation is so saturated that Málaga has really reached a turning point at which people feel that the city is collapsing,” he says.
“It’s the same feeling you have when you enter a theme park,” he adds. “There is a stream of people that are consuming the city and not really inhabiting it.”
Kike is an urban planner and a local activist with the Málaga Tenants’ Union, which has been campaigning for a change in how the southern Spanish city manages tourism.
The organisation led a protest in late June in which thousands of local people took to the streets to voice their concern at the negative impact that tourism is having on their city, including pushing up housing costs, gentrification and crowds.
And it’s not just Málaga. Spaniards have been protesting throughout the summer for the same reasons in other major tourist destinations, including Barcelona, Alicante and the Canary and Balearic Islands.
In April, a group of activists on Tenerife staged a three-week hunger strike against the building of new tourist megaprojects. In Barcelona, demonstrators fired at foreign visitors with water pistols and among the slogans daubed on their banners were: “Tourism kills the city” and “Tourists go home.”
Spain first established itself as a tourist hub more than half a century ago, as northern Europeans started to flock to its coastline and islands.
Today, the industry represents about 13% of Spanish GDP and, having bounced back from the Covid-19 pandemic, it is surpassing records in terms of both revenue and arrivals.
In 2023, the country received 85 million foreign visitors and more than 90 million are expected this year, putting it close behind France, the world’s most popular tourist destination.
José Luis Zoreda, president of the Exceltur, a tourism industry association, prefers to talk about the amount of revenue the industry generates – €200bn (£171bn) in direct and indirect activity this year, he estimates – rather than the number of visitors.
He also highlights how tourism has ensured that the Spanish economy has outperformed most of its European neighbours in the wake of Covid-19.
“We have been responsible in the last few years for the most important percentage of growth of our economy,” he says. “In 2023, we were responsible for 80% of the whole GDP growth of Spain.”
So the sheer size of the tourism sector and its strong growth have driven the overall expansion of the Spanish economy.
But there is a growing belief that the cost of such success is too high and the wave of recent protests has created the sense of a tipping point. Many Spaniards are now convinced that the towns and cities they inhabit are catering more for visitors than for residents.
“Tourism was perceived as a positive economic activity that is a huge part of our GDP, but the numbers have become so huge in terms of international arrivals that we are now seeing the negative impacts, especially in cities,” says Paco Femenia-Serra, lecturer in tourism and geography at Madrid’s Complutense University.
“Tourism is competing for space and the number of people out on the streets is unbearable for many residents.”
Besides making these places less pleasant, locals say tourism has also pushed many smaller businesses out of the centre of cities. In their place have come franchise restaurants, bars and shops - and prices have risen.
But the most-cited problem is that of housing.
Spain’s biggest tourist destinations have large numbers of short-term rental properties aimed at tourists.
A recent study by El País newspaper found that several areas of Málaga had the highest proportion of Airbnb properties in Spain. A quarter of all apartments in the area around the Plaza de la Merced are dedicated to tourist rental.
Owners of apartments are able to charge more for short-term rentals than they would charge longer-term tenants and this has the effect of pushing up prices across the board. Locals say it is difficult to find an apartment for less than €1,200-1,300 per month in the centre of Málaga. With the average salary in the surrounding Andalusia region at just €1,600 per month, they are being priced out of their city.
“If the people of Málaga don’t have somewhere to live, who will provide services for the tourists?” asked Isabel Rodríguez, housing minister for Spain's governing Socialist Workers’ Party (PSOE).
Speaking at a housing forum in the city in July, she continued: “Where will the waiters who serve us a glass of wine and a plate of sardines live?”
As Ms Rodríguez’s comments suggest, Spain’s political class is now starting to grapple with the tourism conundrum.
Catalonia and the Balearic Islands have already introduced a “tourist tax”, charging a sliding sum of up to €4 per person per day, depending on the type of accommodation used.
Palma de Mallorca has sought to limit numbers of arrivals by sea, with no more than three cruise liners allowed to dock at the city per day, only one of them carrying more than 5,000 passengers.
Measures are also being taken to tackle the tourist accommodation issue. This year, the regional government in Andalusia has handed town and city halls the power to introduce their own controls on short-term rentals.
In the north-east, Barcelona has already announced its intention to revoke all of the 10,000 or so tourist accommodation licences currently in circulation in 2028.
Mr Femenia-Serra describes the reining in of Spanish tourism as “a very tricky problem” given the economic weight of the industry but he believes restrictions are needed.
“If we want to talk about sustainable tourism or a lower number of tourists we should discuss limits on activity and higher restrictions and more regulation of the sector, which until now has been kind of free to act,” he says. He suggests introducing limits on the number of flights to certain destinations as a possible measure.
In Málaga, Kike España wants to see caps on rental prices and efforts to provide more housing for locals as immediate measures to counter the tourism crisis.
While he insists that he and his fellow activists are not opposed to tourism, just the way it is being managed in Spain, he says he also hopes the protests will continue.
“We are against city models that only focus on tourism,” he says. “We cannot lose all the energy and complexity and heterogeneity of our cities.”
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2.3 Causes of reading difficulties 9 2.3.1 Stages of reading development 9 2.3.2 English language problems and reading difficulties 12 2.3.3 Language policy for Primary Schools in Namibia 14 2.3.4 The learners role in communication in the second language 16 2.3.5 Reading slowly in the mother tongue 17
Chapter 5: Summary, Conclusions, and Recommendations. In this study the impact of a reading program, Read 180/System 44 on students. with behavior disabilities, was compared to students with learning and/or language. disabilities and an "at risk" group of students from the general education population.
Gazi University, TURKEY. ised: August 26, 2019 Accepted: October 11, 2019Abstract: The aim of this study, in which one of the qualitative research approaches, the case study design, was used, was to remedy reading problems and develop reading skills in a fourth grade primary school student. with sound, syllable and word recognition exercises ...
Therefore, in light of the far‐reaching effects of difficulties in reading fluency and that fluency is identified as a crucial building block of reading development [5,9], it is essential that fluency interventions be provided for elementary students demonstrating difficulties in reading [5]. An
Tables 5 show a summary and total score of perspective. For the total score of the reading difficulties that faced 10th grade students as perceived by students in English in Nablus District due to due to students' reading behaviors, the degree was very high where the percentage of response was 89.00%.
Thesis submitted to the Department of Education and Psychology of the Faculty of Educational Foundations, College of Education Studies, University ... students with reading difficulty has increased substantially (Mehta, 2003). For example, in the USA, over 6.5 million students (ages 3-21years) receive ...
Reading problems stem from many causes, and is a complex process as many reading difficulties can exist (Cunningham, 2000). Dadzie (2008) provide the following general
Impact of reading difficulties. Morgan, Farkas, and Wu (Citation 2012) examined the relationship between reading difficulties and social emotional adjustment and found that children with poor reading skills were more likely to report being angry, distractible, sad, lonely, and unpopular than their peers without reading difficulties.Other research has found that children with reading ...
The NAEP assesses the reading and math performances of representative samples of students with and without disabilities. Unfortunately across the United States, only 34% of eighth grade students (including those with and without disabilities) were reading at proficient levels in 2015 (National Center for Education Statistics [NCES], 2015). The
2002). Difficulties in reading development may stem from difficulties in any one of these areas and these are, in many ways, related and dependent upon each other. Implications of this perspective. Framing reading difficulties from this perspective identifies the different cognitive processes that underlie reading development and difficulties.
A case study of Meru municipality zone. A master‟s research thesis: Kenyatta University. Kathuri, C. R. (1990). Research methodology, methods and techniques (2nd Ed.). ... Reading difficulties are the principle causes of failure in school Reading on comprehension helps in information gathering and learning of concepts Reading is an ongoing ...
Oral reading fluency (ORF) deficits are a hallmark of reading difficulties. The impact of fluency struggles extends beyond word-level difficulties to include deficits in reading comprehension. Sixteen empirical studies conducted in 2000-2019 that examined ORF interventions among elementary students identified as having reading difficulties were reviewed to identify the characteristics (e.g ...
Students with reading difficulties also experience acceptance and avoidance in the face of failure and create a fear of reading aloud. The most important help to be given to the student in terms of success in reading is to make him/her read aloud (Anderson et al., 1985). Reading aloud allows the child to develop comprehension and
The implication of this for children with reading difficulties is neatly captured by Stanovich's (Citation 1986) description of the Matthew effect—the richer get richer and the poor get poorer. Low levels of spoken language set the scene for reading difficulties, which in turn lead to greater differences in spoken language, relative to ...
The. students must fluent in reading skill because it can help them to referring meaning on their read.This. research aimed to find out causes of the difficulties that faced by the students in ...
investigating reading difficulties in english second language of grade 3 learners in one primary school in the khomas education region of namibia a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of masters of education of the university of namibia by rauha nehafo hartney april, 2011 main supervisor: prof. c. d. kasanda
To identify readers who are struggling or at risk of reading difficulties, reference standards in oral reading fluency (ORF) are used to conduct an assessment that is based on a widely reported method known as curriculum-based measurement (CBM), which itself is based on 1-min fluency measures. The purpose of this study was to evaluate students' ORF (with a 1-min fluency measure) to ...
This study utilized the descriptive research design to determine the reading difficulties of one hundred Grade 10 students who scored the least in the reading inventory in a public high school in Negros Occidental in the School Year 2021-2022 in terms of vocabulary and reading comprehension. Furthermore, their reading strategies were investigated.
Keywords: Reading difficulty, Reading comprehension, and Text. Reading take a very important role in contributing background students knowledge to speak and to write. However, many students still have difficulties in understanding the words, comprehending the reading text, making inference,
A primary objective of the study was to explore students' difficulties in reading comprehension through online. learning using Google Classroom and Zoom meetings f aced by eighth-grade students at ...
The main purpose of the study was to diagnose the reading difficulties of grade 5 pupils in English. The researchers made use of descriptive method to obtain the data on the reading difficulties, comprehension, and behavioral performance of the respondents.
The research entitled Teacher's Strategies in Overcoming Students' Difficulties' in Reading Comprehension of Narrative Texts is a case study research conducted at the eighth grade of a boarding school in Bandung Regency. This research aims to find out what difficulties faced by the students in reading comprehension of narrative text and what strategies used by the teacher to overcome ...
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In Connections, each category has a different difficulty level. Yellow is the simplest, and purple is the most difficult. Click or tap each level to reveal one of the words in that category.
THE READING DIFFICULTIES OF GRADE III PUPILS IN DISTRICT IV IN THE SCHOOLS DIVISION OF MANILA _____ A THESIS Presented to The Faculty of the Graduate Studies and Research Philippine College of Health Sciences, Inc. Manila, Philippines _____ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts in Education (MAEd) Major in ...
The social media giant says it refused to comply with a judge's order to appoint a legal representative.
The organisation led a protest in late June in which thousands of local people took to the streets to voice their concern at the negative impact that tourism is having on their city, including ...