phd in usa stipend

Tuition, Fees, and Ph.D. Stipends

NOTE: All numbers below require annual approval by the Board of Trustees

Last updated August 27, 2024

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View full cost to attend . 

  * - Projected rates for tuition, fees, and stipends are tentative and subject to change.

** - For longer term projections, the tuition remission rate can be assumed to increase 0.7% per year.

*** - Teaching assistant and grader rates are established by the Trinity College of Arts and Sciences.

CSStipendRankings: PhD Stipend Rankings

We have a survey for CPT fee now! Please fill here !

CSStipendRankings is a stipend-based ranking of top-paying computer science departments in US. We may implement support for other countries and you are welcomed to contribute! For a real academic ranking, please refer to CSRankings . For reviewing individual PhD advisors, please refer to PI Review .

• Stipend is the minimal amount of pre-tax allowance graciously granted by the institution to its PhD students. Currently, we support displaying (1) the stipend received by the majority of students , (2) the minimal guaranteed stipend , and (3) the stipend that students receive during the semester only . Note that some departments do not have guaranteed summer funding , and we are currently working to collect such data. For now, this data is not complete.
• Fees are annual non-reimbursible tariffs (including health insurance) reclaimed by said institution. See why health insurance is included in here. If the institution charges a CPT fee or summer enrollment fee for international students, they should also be counted here. In short, this should be the maximum possible fee that the institution charges.
• Living cost is calculated based on the MIT Living Wage Calculator for the institution's city. See why we use this calculator and its limitations in here .
• summer-gtd , indicating summer funding is guaranteed in this department.
• varies , indicating the amount of funding varies from advisor to advisor in this department.
• no-guarantee , indicating this department does not guarantee any funding at all (at least for a subset of its enrolled PhD students, where a PhD student is defined as a graduate student who is required to conduct research under an advisor to graduate and get a degree). Anyone who can prove this is welcomed and encouraged to submit an issue, and we will add this label immediately. See the reason here .
• cpt-fee , indicating international students in this department need to pay a fee for their CPT applications.
• striking , indicating this department is currently under a strike.
• , indicating the stipend is verified for the semesters, but not for the summer. This icon also serves as a hyperlink to the document used for verification, if the document is uploaded to a publicly accessible location, such as GitHub issues.
• , indicating we have a survey for this department. If you are a PhD student at this department, please click the icon to fill it.

To raise issues/comments : We believe issues and comments should be discussed and resolved publicly on GitHub for transparency. If you believe any data is inaccurate or have additional comments, please open an issue or a pull request . The maintainers will not respond to private messages sent to their personal or university accounts regarding this website.

* We have noticed discrepancies in the data reported for this university or department, and we suspect that it may not be entirely accurate. If you have access to more reliable information, we would appreciate it if you could share it with us.

This ranking is part informational and part satire, designed to democratize information on how PhD students in computer science and related areas are paid for their labor – inadequately , in most cases.

Most of the frontend code of this website is from CSRankings , and we intentionally used the same template. The code of this website can be found at https://github.com/CSStipendRankings/CSStipendRankings , and the data presented can be found as a CSV file here .

Contributing: Everyone is welcomed to submit patches or report the stipend via pull requests . Also, feel free to submit issues on GitHub . We encourage submitting datapoints through issues due to its ability to facilitate public discussion. Additionally, it provides the advantage of creating a hyperlink on the checkmark that directs to the corresponding issue. In most cases, we will respond to a submitted issue within a few days.

Frequent-Asked Questions: Please see FAQs here .

Disclaimer: CSStipendRankings is designed to highlight stipend situations across various institutions, based on user-submitted information. We try our best to verify their accuracy, but we cannot guarantee they are correct or up-to-date. Ultimately, while we hope you find this information useful, this should not be used as the primary basis for grad school decisions . We advocate users to do their own research before making life decisions.

THIS SOFTWARE AND INFORMATION IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS “AS IS” AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

CSStipendRankings is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License . The frontend (i.e., CSS and HTML) of this website is based on code licensed from CSRankings, a work at https://github.com/emeryberger/CSrankings . The copyright of CSRankings is owned by Emery Berger . The copyright of the non-CSRankings part of CSStipendRankings is owned by its contributors .

PhD Stipend Survey Results

The living wage ratio (LW ratio) normalizes each gross pay entry to the local living wage. The purpose is to allow you to quickly compare the pay received by students at universities in different cost-of-living areas. See the FAQ for more information.

Show/Hide gross pay details.

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PhD in USA: Fees 2024, Top Colleges, Placements & Salaries

Jasmine Grover

Senior Content Specialist | Updated On - Apr 30, 2024

You must show your English proficiency by submitting scores for IELTS (7 to 7.5) and TOEFL (90 to 100).  When pursuing your PhD in USA, you've got 10 years to wrap up your thesis even though the program is 6 years. The cost of a PhD in the USA can vary quite a bit, ranging from USD 24,800 to 80,390 (INR 20.6 Lakhs to 66.9 Lakhs) . Though it can be costly, a PhD in USA offers a great return on investment as you can earn salaries ranging from USD 59,506 to USD 92,179 .

Some  top universities to aim for your PhD in the USA are MIT, Harvard University, Stanford University, and University of California, Berkeley. With a doctorate in hand, you can easily get a job at top-notch companies like Apple, Amazon, Microsoft, and more. 

PhD in USA: Program Highlights

Top Universities for PhD in USA

When it comes to pursuing a PhD in USA, there's no shortage of top-notch universities to choose from. Here are a few universities that consistently rank high and offer exceptional programs:

Why study PhD in USA?

Studying for a PhD in the USA is a top choice for many aspiring scholars. Here's why pursuing your doctoral studies in USA might be the best choice:

• PhD in USA is offered by well-ranked and globally accredited universities such as Harvard, MIT, and Stanford. 
• You don't need to spend years working on a master's degree before you can pursue PhD in USA. Some universities in USA offer admission to the PhD program right after bachelor's.
• USA universities offer PhD students generous stipends, scholarships, and fellowships, covering tuition fees and living costs.
• The USA boasts a lower unemployment rate of only 3.9% compared to many other countries.
• Over 280 universities in USA offer PhD programs for engineering, business, arts, or sciences.

The USA is a global innovation, technology, finance, and entertainment powerhouse. Whether you dream of working in Silicon Valley, Wall Street, or Hollywood, studying in the US puts you right in the middle of some of the world's most exciting hubs of opportunity.

So, if you're ready to take your academic journey to the next level and set yourself up for success, a PhD in the USA could be the right choice.

Popular PhD in USA Programs for Indian Students

Some popular programs of PhD in USA for Indian students:-

Course Curriculum

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in USA is a popular degree sought after by many international students. It is considered the highest academic achievement in most fields of study. The PhD program in the USA consists of three main phases:

• Coursework Phase: Involves advanced courses over 1 to 3 years to build foundational knowledge and research skills.
• Preliminary Examination : Assess students' breadth of knowledge in their field after completing coursework.
• Dissertation Phase : Lasts 2 to 8 years for independent research, culminating in a written dissertation.

The duration of the PhD program varies depending on the field of study and the student's academic background. On average, it takes 4 to 8 years to complete a PhD program after obtaining a bachelor's degree. However, students who already hold a master's degree may complete the program in a year or two less, depending on their prior coursework and research experience.

PhD in USA Admission

Admission to most universities in the USA remains open during December and January. Students must submit applications before the deadlines are passed. You can go through the sections below to check the eligibility criteria and other requirements for PhD in USA.

PhD in USA: Eligibility Criteria

As the entry requirements vary within the field of study, it becomes very difficult to group this data into a piece of the overall information. However, the following eligibility criteria are followed by a majority PhD universities in USA:-

• 4-year Bachelor’s degree or Master’s degree
• A minimum GPA of 3 out of 4.
• 2 academic and 1 professional Letter of Recommendation (LOR)
• A 500-750 word Statement of Purpose (SoP)
• Updated Resume or CV
• A valid passport
• F-1 or J-1 US Student Visa
• Valid Passport
• Student Visa

PhD in USA: University Requirements

To get admission to PhD programs in the USA, students must have a minimum GPA of 2.7 to 3.9 based on various universities. Students must also have English language proficiency scores of IELTSand TOEFL. The various requirements for PhD admission in USA in some of the popular universities are tabulated as follows:-

Cost of PhD in USA

Students who wish to get admission to PhD courses in the USA must have enough funds to support their studies in the USA. Based on various top universities offering PhD courses, the total cost of study in the USA is around USD 70,573 to 1,26,163 (INR 58.47 lakhs to 10.45 million) including tuition fees and living costs.

PhD in USA Tuition Fee

The cost of PhD in USA varies with the specialisation or the preferred field of study. However, on average, the annual tuition fees range from USD 24,800 to 80,390 (INR 2.05 to 66.66 lakhs). The following table presents the university-wise distribution of the average tuition costs for opting PhD in USA:-

Cost of Living in USA

USA is the most popular as well as the costliest study abroad destination for PhD in USA as well as other programs. This corresponds to the quality of education, safety, ambience, and health services the country offers. Based on some of the top universities in the USA, students admitted to PhD courses will face an average living cost of USD 45,773 (INR 37.92 lakhs) based on various parameters mentioned below.

PhD in USA with Scholarship

At Universities in the USA, students are offered various scholarships and fellowships allowing students to ease their financial burden. You can check various fellowships offered by US universities in the table below.

Also Check : Education Loans to Study in USA

PhD in USA Placements

After completing the Ph.D. program at Universities in the USA, students are offered various job profiles based on their field of study and research. The average salary offered for various job profiles listed below ranges from USD 59,506 to 92,179 (INR 49.29 to 76.36 lakhs).

PhD in USA: Return on Investment

After completing the PhD programs in the USA, students are placed in various sectors. Graduates from US Universities receive an annual average salary ranging from USD 65,070 to 1,75,090 based on various top universities as mentioned below.

The availability of stipends, scholarships, and fellowships allows students to pursue a PhD in USA without any financial pressure. With an unemployability rate of just 3.9%, the USA allows graduates to work in their core fields after completing the Ph.D. programs. Companies like Apple, Amazon, CISCO, Microsoft, etc. offer students a salary range of USD 59,506 to 92,179 (INR 49.29 to 76.36 lakhs) based on different job profiles. 

Ques. How much does PhD cost in USA?

Ans. The cost of studying PhD in USA includes tuition costs and living costs as mentioned below.

• Tuition cost for PhD in USA ranges from USD 24,800 to 80,390 (INR 2.05 to 66.66 lakhs)
• Living costs for PhD in USA is around USD 45,773 (INR 37.92 lakhs).

Ques. How many years is PhD in USA?

Ans. Students enrolled in US universities have 10 years to complete their doctoral thesis, even though the course duration is 6 years .

Ques. What is the eligibility for PhD in USA?

Ans. To pursue PhD in USA, you must fulfil the below requirements.

• Students must have a bachelors or masters degree in relevant field.
• Students must have secured a GPA 2.7 to 3.9 on a scale of 4 (80-94%).
• Students must have valid scores of IELTS 7.0-7.5, TOEFL 90-100, etc.

Furthermore, for some of the specialisations, candidates will be required to submit GMAT or GRE scores.

Ques. Can I work while pursuing a PhD in USA?

Ans. Individuals pursuing a PhD in USA are allowed to work for a maximum of 20 hours per week on a part-time basis. They may start full-time working during vacations or holidays.

Ques. What are the top PhD programs to study in USA?

Ans. The following are some of the popular streams for pursuing a PhD in USA:-

• Engineering
• Biological Sciences

Ques. What can I do after completing a PhD in USA?

Ans. After pursuing a Ph.D. program in USA candidates may work under the following job profiles:-

• Research Scientist
• Data Analyst
• Assistant Research Engineer
• Teaching Assistant Professor
• Field Biologist
• Economist, etc.

Ques. Is post graduation necessary for pursuing PhD in USA?

Ans. For a majority of institutions, post graduation or a Master’s degree is not required for studying PhD in USA. Only an undergraduate degree with at least a 3.0 GPA (85%) is sufficient for applying to these colleges.

Ques. What is the salary after PhD in USA?

Ans. Graduates of PhD programs in USA can earn an impressive average annual salary ranging from USD 55,200 to USD 101,100 (INR 45.5 Lakhs to INR 83.4 Lakhs).

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Universities in the US with Highest Stipends for PhD Students

Explore top US universities with high PhD stipends. Compare funding, living costs, and benefits to choose the best doctoral program for your academic journey.

Kate Windsor

Jul 14, 2024

Pursuing a PhD is a significant investment in your future, but it doesn't have to leave you financially strained. Many universities in the US offer generous stipends to their doctoral students, which function as a salary for the academic year, allowing them to focus on their research without worrying about making ends meet.

In this article, we'll explore some of the institutions that provide the most attractive financial packages for PhD candidates. Before we dive into the list, it's important to note that stipend amounts can vary widely depending on factors such as the field of study, location, and individual circumstances. Additionally, when you  choose a PhD program , consider not only the stipend but also other forms of financial support, such as health insurance, housing assistance, and research funding.

Let's take a look at some of the universities known for offering competitive stipends to their PhD students:

1. Stanford University

Stanford University consistently ranks among the top institutions for PhD funding. The university offers funding packages that typically include:

• A base stipend (amount varies by department and year)
• Full tuition coverage
• Health insurance

Stanford's location in the heart of Silicon Valley contributes to its competitive stipend amounts, as the cost of living in the area is significantly above the national average. The university aims to ensure that its doctoral students can comfortably live and work in this expensive region.

For the most current information on Stanford's PhD stipends, please visit the Stanford Graduate Admissions website or contact the specific department you're interested in.

2. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

MIT is renowned for its cutting-edge research and innovation, backed by substantial support for PhD students. Typical funding packages at MIT include:

• A competitive stipend (amount varies by department and year)

MIT's stipends are designed to be competitive, especially considering the high cost of living in the Boston area. The institute also offers additional funding opportunities for conference travel and research expenses.

For current stipend information, visit the MIT Graduate Admissions website or contact specific departments.

3. University of Chicago

The University of Chicago is known for its rigorous academic programs and support for doctoral students. Their typical funding package includes:

• A stipend (amount varies by division and year)

The university also offers various fellowships and grants to supplement the base stipend.

Check the UChicago Graduate Financial Aid website for the most up-to-date information.

4. Princeton University

Princeton University offers comprehensive funding packages to its PhD students, typically including:

The university also provides additional funding for research and professional development.

For current details, visit the Princeton Graduate School website .

Easily pronounces technical words in any field

5. Harvard University

Harvard ensures its PhD students are well-supported financially. Their typical funding package includes:

• A stipend (amount varies by program and year)

The university also offers numerous fellowships and grants to supplement this base funding.

Check the Harvard GSAS website for the most current information.

6. University of Michigan - Ann Arbor

The University of Michigan offers competitive stipends, with packages typically including:

• A stipend (amount varies by department and year)

The university also offers various fellowships and grants for additional support.

Visit the U-M Rackham Graduate School website for up-to-date funding information.

7. University of California - Berkeley

UC Berkeley offers competitive stipends to help students manage the high cost of living in the Bay Area. Their typical funding package includes:

Berkeley also offers numerous fellowships and grants that can increase the total financial support available to PhD students.

For current details, check the Berkeley Graduate Division website .

8. Columbia University

Located in New York City, Columbia University offers substantial stipends to help students cope with the high cost of living. Their typical funding package includes:

Visit the Columbia GSAS website for the most up-to-date information.

9. Yale University

Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut, offers competitive stipends to its PhD students. Their typical funding package includes:

The university also provides additional funding opportunities for research and professional development.

Check the Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences website for current details.

10. Duke University

Duke University, located in Durham, North Carolina, offers attractive stipends to its PhD students. Their typical funding package includes:

For the most current information, visit the Duke Graduate School website .

Considerations Beyond Stipends

It's important to note that these figures are approximate and can vary based on factors such as the specific program, department, and individual circumstances. Additionally, many universities offer opportunities for teaching or research assistantships that can provide additional income.

When considering  PhD applications , it's crucial to look beyond just the stipend amount. Consider factors such as:

• Cost of living in the area
• Additional funding opportunities (fellowships, grants, assistantships)
• Health insurance coverage
• Housing assistance or subsidies
• Travel funds for conferences
• Research support

Remember that while financial support is important, it shouldn't be the only factor in choosing a PhD program. Consider the quality of the program, research opportunities, faculty expertise, and career prospects in your field.

Choosing the Right PhD Program for You

Many US universities offer competitive stipends to attract top talent to their PhD programs. While the universities listed here are known for their generous funding packages, there are many other institutions that provide excellent financial support for doctoral students. As you explore your options, be sure to research thoroughly and communicate with potential advisors and current students to get a complete picture of the financial support and overall experience at each institution.

Pursuing a PhD is a significant undertaking, both academically and financially. By choosing a program that offers a competitive stipend and comprehensive support, you can focus on your research and academic growth without undue financial stress.

Good luck with your PhD journey!

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PhysStipendRankings: PhD Stipend Rankings

PhysStipendRankings is a stipend-based ranking of top-paying Physics departments in US. We may implement support for other countries and you are welcomed to contribute! For a real academic ranking, please refer to U.S.News , etc.

• Stipend is the annual, 12-month, pre-tax allowance graciously granted by the institution. Note that some departments do not have guaranteed summer funding , and we are currently working to collect such data. Departments with summer funding guarentee are tagged with a summer label. For now, the list is not complete.
• Fees are annual non-reimbursible tariffs (including health insurance) reclaimed by said institution.
• Living cost is calculated based on the MIT Living Wage Calculator for the institution's city.

We have received a lot of comments that the living cost calculated by the MIT Living Cost Calculator does not really reflect the real living cost in multiple areas. We are considering alternative metrics and data sources. If you are aware of something we can use, please feel free to submit issues or pull requests on GitHub.

This ranking is part informational and part satire, designed to democratize information on how PhD students in physics and related areas are paid for their labor – inadequately , in most cases.

Most of the frontend code of this website is from CSRankings , and we intentionally used the same template. The code of this website can be found at https://github.com/PhysStipendRankings/PhysStipendRankings , and the data presented can be found as a CSV file here .

Contributing: Everyone is welcomed to submit patches or report the stipend via pull requests . Another option to submit valuable datapoints is through this Google Form . Also, feel free to submit issues on GitHub .

• Gathering data for summer funding guarantees. We plan to incorporate a feature that allows users to exclude non-guaranteed funds when calculating the stipends.
• Highlighting universities that offer 100% appointments during the summer, e.g. UW, instead of the typical 50% appointments.
• Adding a verification system for stipends, where we can confirm the details of the stipend with an offer letter or paystub record, and displaying a checkmark in the "Stipend" column to indicate that the stipend is verified.
• Add alternative sources of living cost. In the future, users should have the ability to choose between different sources of living cost while ranking.
• Data is often unavailable for the precise district in which the university is located. In such cases, we use data for the county or wider metro area. This often skews the estimate lower. For instance, UC San Diego is located in La Jolla, one of the most expensive districts in the US, but we resort to using figures for the wider San Diego county. Same goes for Princeton vs. Mercer County, etc.
• The Calculator states that the estimates are what is required "to cover the costs of their family's basic needs where they live". However, how much one needs to sustain onself is subjective, and users have reported that they can live on much less.

PhysStipendRankings is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License . The frontend (i.e., CSS and HTML) of this website is based on CSRankings, a work at https://github.com/emeryberger/CSrankings . The copyright of CSRankings is owned by Emery Berger . The copyright of the non-CSRankings part of PhysStipendRankings is owned by its contributors .

Funding and aid: Graduate funding and aid

At the graduate level, financial aid is largely decentralized, as available funds are managed directly by departments.

Funding is usually available from each individual department to support doctoral students for the duration of their time at MIT. Typically, at the time of admission, doctoral students receive offers of funding in the form of research and teaching appointments or fellowships, which cover the cost of full tuition and health insurance, and provide a salary or stipend. Funding for master-level students is more limited, and depends greatly on the program of study , so students may be required to seek their own sources of funding or utilize student loans .

Graduate funding may take the form of research, instructor, and teaching assistantships, fellowships, traineeships, scholarships, grants, and/or other forms of employment , such as working as a resident advisor in an undergraduate residence.

Please note: Applicants are considered for funding after they have been accepted into a graduate program. There is no separate application for financial aid prior to admission for any program of study.

Funding for students in need

MIT provides assistance to graduate students experiencing financial hardships , has established new ranges to stipends and changes to health insurance rates and plan benefits, and offers additional health and well-being support resources .

Hardship funds are tax-reportable income and may reduce eligibility for educational loans. If you want to explore how a fund of this type would impact you, please contact us to discuss your options.

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Phd Stipend In USA: How to Find a Job After PhD in USA

The USA is home to several of the most significant research universities in the world, so it should be no surprise that PhD students go there in droves.

Despite having a bad image for being an expensive study destination, the United States offers some incredible chances for PhD financing (including many fully-funded PhD programs for international students).

A PhD is one of the most challenging degrees in the world but also one of the most rewarding. A PhD in the USA can be earned between 4 and 6 years. The fact that you are paid for a PhD is one of its finest features. A PhD can advance your career and increase your pay by roughly 25% compared to a master's degree if you are interested in the academic profession. You will be qualified for a lucrative income after receiving your PhD in the USA, ranging from $60,000 to $1,000,000 and higher, in addition to a PhD stipend of between $15,000 to 30,000 yearly.

To learn more about the PhD stipend in the USA, you've arrived at the perfect spot. This article will provide information on the PhD stipend in the USA for international students, the typical pay after a PhD in the USA, and the solutions to your often-asked concerns regarding finding a job after a PhD in the USA. This article will provide an overview of standard doctoral program costs in the USA and a guide to some of the more generous PhD funding options American colleges offer.

Pros of Getting A PhD from the USA

Opportunities for a Successful Career: D. academics are favoured candidates in their respective employment fields. They stand out as possible candidates for any company not just because they have a higher level of education but also because their experience and research come before that of other applicants. And if it isn't already clear, one of Americans' "favourite" fields is research. Because of this, PhD holders frequently have an advantage while looking for rewarding careers.

Enhanced Skills: D. Degree programs in the USA aren't just interested in your potential as academics; they're also interested in your potential as an "all-rounder" in the real world. Many PhD programs strongly emphasise developing your time management, decision-making, and problem-solving abilities, which may help you build your personality.

Job and Salary after PhD in the USA

Your pay after earning a PhD in the USA will rely on various criteria, including the kind of work, industry, amount of experience, and talents. The individual is more likely to search for an academic position after receiving a PhD, such as a professor, lecturer, postdoc, etc. Since international corporations are also seeking experienced researchers who can advance their organisations, obtaining work outside the academic sector is becoming usual.

Let us take a look at the table below and explore the various jobs and salaries after PhD in the USA:

Know PHD in USA for Indian Students Cost in 2023

Top Employer and Income in the USA after a PhD

The possibility of finding employment after receiving a PhD in the USA is often thought to be restricted to academics. In contrast, you may contact recruiters in various sectors, including government organisations, hospitals, insurance companies, labs, significant firms, and private companies, by demonstrating your degree of knowledge and area of experience.

Following your PhD in the USA, you may want to keep a watch on the following top recruiters:

How to Find a Job after PhD in the USA?

You must have seen from the explanation above that academic occupations are connected to PhD employment responsibilities. It is important to note that, as a PhD candidate, you will be considered more like a member of the university staff than a student in this situation. A PhD job opening is when a post becomes available at an institution where you may apply and receive financial support.

Following a PhD, you can employ the following methods in the USA:

Research is fundamental on your side since finding a job after earning your PhD, which will already be a difficult path, cannot be done by just sitting back and relaxing.

Nearly 70% of job openings in the USA are filled through networking, making it essential in today's labour market.

The university's career services provide: Your Ph.D. alma mater can assist you by giving you access to resources and details about available jobs.

Newspapers: Keep an eye on the newspapers to learn more about positions that call for PhD candidates.

Applying for jobs that are related to the topic of your research or earlier studies may be your natural inclination.

However, a PhD is a flexible enough degree that you can frequently look outside your discipline area.

What job can I do after a PhD

PhD holders may be found in many spheres of life. Options for PhD graduates include the public sector and pharmaceutical industries.

Additionally, you are not required to start your industrial position immediately after graduation. At any point in your career, you might transition from academics to industry (or the other way around).

Here are some illustrative examples of PhD jobs if you're curious about the kinds of industry work you might be qualified for:

• A PhD in the humanities or arts exhibits superior writing and spoken communication, presenting abilities, originality, and critical thinking. You could be qualified for civil service, publishing, or digital marketing positions.
• A PhD in biological and medical sciences enhances subject-matter expertise, data proficiency, and teamwork abilities. Work in fields like pharmaceuticals, genomics, or clinical care will benefit from this.
• A PhD in business and finance can help develop the organisational and data skills that could be useful in accounting, data science, or consulting careers.
• With a PhD in chemical sciences, you'll have the laboratory expertise and advanced chemistry knowledge you need for careers in chemical engineering, industrial chemistry, and food technology.

Non-academic PhD graduate jobs in STEM subjects

A STEM-related PhD can be helpful in various non-academic areas, including industrial research environments and the public sector. PhDs in STEM fields may pursue professions in intellectual property, regulatory issues, big data, medicines, or consulting.

Non-academic PhD graduate jobs in the Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences

If you hold a PhD in art, humanities, or social science (AHSS), you have different skills to offer than PhD holders in STEM fields.

Your talents as a PhD alum are well suited for professions requiring strong communication abilities. Numerous top businesses and industries will need someone who can research and write about complicated subjects. Employers will also highly emphasise innovative thinking in marketing or strategic planning.

Why leave academia?

After earning your PhD, there are many good reasons why you might want to stop working in academia. Three and a half years after receiving their PhDs, slightly over 70% of PhD holders no longer work in academia, according to the Higher Education Policy Institute (HEPI). You won't be alone if you decide this is the right action.

The good news is that your PhD allowed you to gain practical knowledge and valuable abilities. These will help you stand out from Bachelor's and Master's degree holders when looking for work.

This was all about students' PhD stipends in the United States. We hope this post clarifies that PhD jobs and salaries are available outside your all-time favourite academic discipline.

Related Posts :

Announcing an increased minimum doctoral stipend

Dear Carnegie Mellon Doctoral Students:

Building on our continued initiatives to provide holistic doctoral student support, we are pleased to share that the minimum stipend for doctoral students will be increased to $2,500 per month, or $30,000 annually, for 12-month programs. For qualifying stipend-supported doctoral students, this change will be retroactive to the beginning of the fiscal year (July 1, 2023) and will be reflected in the November 2023 pay period. 

This stipend increase builds on a strong and effective partnership between university leadership and the Graduate Student Assembly (GSA). Last spring, we committed to GSA leadership that we would establish a regular review process of minimum doctoral stipend levels to evaluate and consider cost of living increases and other market factors. Following this inaugural review, we will review stipends annually.  

This stipend increase is a continuation of the past year’s progress and efforts, including a Parental Accommodation Program for doctoral students and expanded holistic support by establishing a minimum stipend, setting guidelines for time-away-from-program, and increasing university support to 100% of individual premium cost for coverage through the Student Healthcare Insurance Program (SHIP). 

We look forward to our continued partnership with GSA, and with all students and stakeholders across the university, to identify strategies and services in support of the CMU student experience.

James H. Garrett Jr. Provost and Chief Academic Officer

Gina Casalegno Vice President for Student Affairs and Dean of Students

Best 10 Universities with the Highest PhD Stipends

• by Canice Silas

The joy of earning a PhD knows no bounds and no doubt it is indeed an extraordinary academic feat, and for many students, financial backing is paramount during their doctoral pursuit. This article seeks to guide future PhD applicants by spotlighting universities with the highest PhD stipends and their supreme stipend offerings.

When choosing a university for your PhD, it’s crucial to consider those that offer the most competitive PhD stipends globally. Hence, to help you in your choice of the best universities with the highest paid PhD stipends, we will embark on a comprehensive exploration of PhD stipends and their various aspects, including explanations, significance, benefits, value, and components.

This post will also explore the criteria and data sources used to pick the universities for this list. So, let’s dive into the realm of PhD stipends to unveil the top-tier universities that extend tremendous financial backing to their PhD scholars.

Table of Contents

What Is A PhD Stipend?

A PhD stipend is the monetary assistance rendered to doctoral candidates during their research period and studies. It represents a predetermined amount of money, typically given on a monthly basis, to cater for students’ living expenses as they pursue their doctorate degrees.

While the stipend amount may differ between universities and study fields, the primary purpose remains to let students concentrate on their research without financial worries. Doctoral stipends are often granted on merit, reflecting one’s academic triumphs and potential contribution to their study fields. In terms of attractiveness, the provision of a PhD stipend is a game changer for many potential doctoral candidates.

Importance of PhD Stipends

The importance of PhD stipends cannot be emphasized enough. These funds play an instrumental role in luring and keeping talented individuals in research-intensive disciplines. For universities, offering high stipends is a compelling strategy to attract superior-caliber students and sustain a lively academic community.

A good stipend amount can relieve financial pressures, enabling PhD stipends to fully concentrate on their studies and research projects. An improved stipend can offer students the autonomy to engage in experiments, attend conferences, network with esteemed experts, and plunge into resources that elevate their research capabilities.

Universities that prioritize dispensing substantial stipends are likely to foster an environment conducive to academic growth and progress.

Benefits of Receiving a High Stipend

A good PhD stipend has a host of benefits for students pursuing doctorate degrees. Some of the benefits of getting into one of the Universities with the highest PhD stipends are:

• It enables students to live comfortably, covering essential living costs including utilities, housing, and food, without seeking additional part-time work .
• With a high PhD Stipend, students can allocate more time to their studies and research leading to increased productivity and possibilities to reach the highest levels of their academic career .
• A very high PhD stipend amount can provide access to paramount research resources, sophisticated equipment, and state-of-the-art technologies, enabling students to carry out landmark research.
• A generous stipend can guarantee a better life quality, mental well-being, and decreased financial stress, ensuring a complete commitment to their academic targets.
• Last but not least, a high salary for a PhD student lets students channel their energy into intellectual growth and make considerable strides in their fields.

What is the Value of a PhD Stipend?

The worth of a PhD stipend transcends its monetary aspect. Although the fiscal aid it provides is crucial, the real value lies in the opportunities a substantial stipend opens up for students. Such a stipend lures gifted individuals, fostering an environment populated by a diverse mix of talented scholars. PhD Stipends let students chase their research dreams unhindered by crippling financial stress, which eventually leads to more influential and ingenious research outcomes.

The worth of a PhD stipend is also entrenched in the acknowledgement it provides students, verifying their knowledge contributions and instilling a sense of value and belonging within the scholarly community. Thus, the worth of a PhD stipend represents a financial safety net, recognition, and the enablement of research excellence. The amount of a PhD stipend depends on the university and also the program, but overall, PhD students can receive an annual stipend ranging from $15,000.

What are the Components of a PhD Stipend?

A PhD stipend usually constitutes various elements that collectively offer fiscal support to students. Overall, the components of a PhD Stipend are as follows:

• Doctoral stipends predominantly consist of a settled monthly stipend designed to cater to living expenses such as housing, sustenance, transportation, and other personal costs.
• PhD stipends often encompass health insurance coverage to ensure students’ access to vital healthcare services during their studies.
• Tuition waivers may also form part of the stipend package, unburdening students from tuition fees.
• In some cases, stipends may extend to travel allowances to support conference attendances, fieldwork expeditions, or collaborations with research allies.

For aspiring doctoral candidates, it is vital to weigh up the varied components of stipends offered by different universities to know the extent of financial support they offer.

Methodology for Determining the Universities with the Highest PhD Stipends

To pinpoint universities offering the most generous PhD stipends, we relied on a meticulously designed multifaceted method. Factors such as the typical stipend sum, the accessibility to other financial resources, the university’s geographical cost of living, and the prestige and caliber of the university’s doctoral programs were all taken into consideration.

Ranking For the Universities with the Highest PhD Stipends

When it came to the task of ranking the universities providing the greatest PhD stipends, we evaluated several pivotal factors. The stipend amount offered to doctoral candidates sat at the heart of our considerations. Beyond that, we scrutinized the provision of additional financial support in the form of grants and scholarships .

The cost of living per university location was also considered, realizing that a significant stipend proves advantageous in regions with a loftier cost of living. The stature and merit of the university’s doctoral programs were inspected, confirming that the sizable stipend was complemented by a top-tier academic journey.

Data Sources Used

To collate the information necessary to identify the universities that offer the highest PhD stipends, we drew upon an array of trusted sources. Official university websites, comprehensive research articles, and stipend-specific reports were cross-referenced.

We also tapped into data acquired from surveys and one-on-one interviews with people presently enrolled in or alumni of PhD programs, yielding firsthand accounts. The resonance of our primary and secondary sources ensured the legitimacy and consistency of the data underpinning our ranking.

Top 10 Universities with the Highest PhD Stipends

Harvard university.

This prestigious institution, Harvard University, offers a sizable PhD stipend to its aspiring scholars, enabling them to concentrate fully on their intricate research and academic endeavors without financial pressures. Through its generous financial contributions, Harvard guarantees the provision of necessary resources required by its students to thrive in their unique fields. The university’s unyielding commitment to nurturing intellectual growth and upholding academic excellence is manifested in its comprehensive stipend scheme.

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

Renowned for breakthrough research and innovation, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) offers one of the highest PhD stipends, drawing the sharpest minds to its doctoral syllabus. Such financial backing allows PhD scholars full commitment to their studies, contributing to paradigm-shifting discoveries in their respective disciplines. By offering a high PhD salary in the form of a stipend, MIT acknowledges the importance of talent cultivation, permitting students to concentrate on their intellectual development.

Stanford University

Stanford University extends a substantial PhD stipend to its doctoral candidates, reflecting its unwavering commitment to endorsing top-tier research and scholarly achievement. With such financial assistance, students can embark on rigorous scholarly pursuits and add value to Stanford’s dynamic intellectual community. The generous stipend not only lures top scholars but also capacitates students to immerse deeply into their studies, pioneering new knowledge frontiers within their fields.

California Institute of Technology (Caltech)

California Institute of Technology (Caltech), celebrated for its focus on scientific and technological research, delivers a competitive PhD stipend to engage excellent students in revolutionizing discoveries. Through this financial stipend, students concentrate on their studies and collaborate with distinguished faculty members. Caltech’s impressive stipend is evidence of its commitment to fostering innovation and contributing extensively to human knowledge.

Princeton University

Princeton University understands the significance of providing a rewarding PhD stipend to uplift its doctoral candidates. By furnishing substantial financial assistance, Princeton allows students to delve into intellectual investigation and rigorous research. As a part of the university’s reputation as an academic hub of excellence, this financial aid enables scholars to commit to their studies, energetically contributing to the academic community. The university’s dedicated focus on furnishing competitive stipends echoes its commitment to nurturing future innovators and thinkers.

University of Chicago

Through the provision of appealing PhD stipends, the University of Chicago attracts world-class doctoral students. This financial contribution empowers students to fulfill their research aspirations, absolving them of financial worries. By offering an impressive stipend, the University of Chicago ensures that students have adequate tools to flourish in their fields, contributing to the proliferation of knowledge and attesting to their commitment to academic excellence.

Columbia University

Columbia University, fully aware of the importance of a high PhD stipend, provides noteworthy support to its doctoral pupils. As they offer a comprehensive financial package, students direct their energies toward trailblazing research and intellectual research. This significant financial assistant empowers scholars to fully involve themselves in their academic pursuits, bolstering Columbia’s repute as a distinguished research institution. Their commitment to competitive stipends strengthens their focus on scholarly growth and academic success thereby counting them among the best universities with the highest stipends.

University of California, Berkeley

The University of California, Berkeley, in its resolve to back outstanding doctoral candidates, offers substantial PhD salaries. This ample financial assistance enables scholars to channel their energies exclusively toward research and academic pursuits. Berkeley’s promotion of intellectual curiosity and scholarly excellence is mirrored in its generous stipend scheme. With this financial backing, doctoral students can flourish academically and invigorate the lively academic community of the university.

Johns Hopkins University

Johns Hopkins University, notable for its emphasis on research and creativity, gives a competitive PhD stipend attracting exceptional doctoral candidates yearning to enhance their knowledge. By providing considerable financial support, Johns Hopkins ensures that candidates can fully immerse themselves in their investigative pursuits. The hefty stipend allows students to concentrate on pioneering ideas and contribute to revolutionary discoveries within their fields.

Yale University

Yale University understands the significance of offering a huge PhD stipend to support its doctoral students. They provide a robust financial package, ensuring students have the necessary resources to excel academically. The university’s unwavering commitment to intellectual curiosity and academic prowess is perceptible through its comprehensive stipend program. By drawing top-tier scholars, Yale nurtures a dynamic scholarly community that encourages innovative research and cognitive growth.

Tips to Maximize Your PhD Stipend

To get the most out of your PhD stipend, several strategies can be employed, these include:

• Select an institution that provides a high stipend, as this can profoundly influence your financial wellbeing during your research period.
• Take into account the cost of living in the city of the university; it will aid in assessing whether the stipend will fulfil your requirements.
• Seek additional funding sources besides the stipend from the university. Various exterior bodies grant research funds, scholarships, or fellowships that could add to your stipend.
• Managing a budget and keeping an eye on your expenses is another essential step in ensuring your stipend stretches as far as possible.
• Look for money-saving opportunities, for instance, sharing accommodation or using public transit.
• Contemplate engaging in some part-time work or freelance ventures, which could supplement your income without hampering your research obligations.

By leveraging these suggestions, you can optimize your PhD stipend and concentrate on your scholastic and research aspirations.

Considerations for Choosing a University Based on Stipends

When determining their choice of university around the provision of stipends, potential PhD candidates should heed several key factors.

Cost of Living

The cost of living in the university’s locality should be meticulously evaluated as regional disparities can cause significant variations in stipend amounts. It’s of utmost importance to confirm whether the stipend will comfortably cover all the essential living costs, such as housing, groceries, transportation, and other necessary expenses. This comprehensive analysis will ensure that candidates can live comfortably and focus wholeheartedly on their academic pursuits.

University Ranking

The status and ranking of the university plays a vital role in the decision-making process. Choosing a reputable and globally recognized institution can greatly augment future job prospects and open doors to prestigious career opportunities. A well-established university provides a solid foundation for academic excellence and research advancements. It not only enhances the overall learning experience but also equips students with the necessary skills and knowledge to thrive in their respective fields.

Availability of Research Opening

An intensive and thorough exploration of the research openings each university presents is imperative. Potential PhD candidates should delve deep into the research programs, departments, and faculties of the universities they are considering. By doing so, they can ascertain whether there are suitable and captivating research projects aligned with their academic interests and ambitions. Engaging in meaningful research is essential for personal and professional growth, and it can significantly contribute to the advancement of knowledge in the chosen field of study.

Stipend’s Terms and Conditions

It is strongly advised to scrutinize the stipend’s terms and conditions, including any associated requisites or duties. The terms of the stipend, such as the duration, frequency of payment, and any additional benefits, should be thoroughly understood before making a final decision. Candidates should also inquire about any academic or research-related obligations that may come with the stipend.

By considering these essential elements, future PhD candidates can make a well-informed decision, selecting a university that not only grants a generous stipend, but also promotes their academic ambitions, nurtures their intellectual growth, and aligns with their long-term career objectives.

The highest-tier universities with substantial PhD stipends truly open up impressive prospects for determined doctoral scholars. This enables these candidates to direct their attention exclusively towards their academic pursuits and research without the hindrance of financial strains. These stipends serve to do more than just offset tuition—they afford a living wage generously sufficient for daily life.

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Canice Silas

Canice U. Silas is a dedicated scholar who has channeled the last 20 years of his life to various forms of scholastic pursuits. He holds a BSC in Industrial Chemistry and a master's degree in Inorganic Chemistry from the prestigious Imo State University, Owerri. Mr Silas is set to complete his PhD in Inorganic Chemistry within the next six months. Passionate about the classroom from his elementary school days, Mr Silas grabbed the first opportunity that came his way at the Imo State University where he worked as A. A and currently K. O. Mbadiwe University, as a lecturer and as well has been into educational consulting for thousands of students across various tertiary institutions in the world.

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60 Highest PhD Stipends in the US

The financial struggle in academia is not hidden, still many graduate students want to pursue a research career. US offers best research labs and institutions to attract aspiring PhD researchers from all over the world. Its your right to ask about highest PhD stipends offered in the US because PhD is a long journey and you have the right to ensure you are financially safe during these years.

Table of Contents

Best PhD stipends in the World: If you want to pursue PhD outside of US explore more about countries are paying best to PhD students .

Highest PhD stipends in the US

1. Cybersecurity

Visit Centers of Academic Excellence in Cybersecurity Research to know more about your career prospects in cybersecurity research.

Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT) offers $44,069 per annum to students conducting their PhD research in Physics. This is the second highest annual PhD stipend when I compare it to the average living cost per annum in the area ($19,308), or in other words, a 2.3 PhD stipend to living cost ratio. 

3. Biomedical Engineering

4. neuroscience.

Neuroscience PhD students receive a stipend of $44,000 annually by the Brown University in the US. This stipend is plentiful  considering the average living cost in Rhode Island, where the campus is located. According to livingcost.org the average living cost for one person including rent is $21,552 a year. Thus, the PhD stipend offered is almost as twice as the living expenses for a PhD student if she is single in her first year of PhD.

5. Computer Science

To give you a ballpark figure, 1st year PhD stipends in the year 2022-2023 indicated that $60,000 is the highest PhD stipend offered to computer science PhD students in the US. This stipend was offered by the University of California – Riverside (UCR). If I evaluate it in terms of living cost near the campus it’s almost twice the living expense including rent in the area even for a full year. 

6. Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmacogenomics

I found University of Delaware (UD) offering the highest stipend in the US to the PhD researchers studying Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmacogenomics. This stipend is as high as $44,800 which is twice the average living cost for a single person per annum in Newark, Delaware. Consequently, there is a high chance that you can rent a comfy place, afford to maintain a car and still save during your PhD years.

Following major factors contribute to high PhD stipends for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmacogenomics.

7. Sociology

Let’s analyze closely why some universities are willing to offer this high stipend to sociology PhD students.

Although one can argue that the PhD stipend to living cost ratio was collected as overall average and not specifically for PhD students in computer science and information technology. So the numbers may differ if we go into more detailed comparisons.

Things you should know before prioritizing the stipend for PhD 

So, like any other prospective PhD student, I want to live comfortably, spend extravagantly and still save some amount for future suffering of postdoc years. For this, I might look up to the highest PhD stipend offered in the US in the list above. Still, there are many other factors that impact our performance and happiness during PhD years.

Remarks about the collected DATA

Sources of data, inclusive criteria.

To maintain consistency and provide a fair comparison between PhD stipend offers, I used the following criteria:

Limitations

It is a good idea to compare living costs in the area with the PhD stipend amount to estimate its actual worth. I hope you realize that a PhD is a long commitment and you as PhD aspirer and applicant should check how easily you can live through your PhD years.

What is the maximum PhD stipend in the USA?

Which university pays the highest stipend for phd in the us.

I found Nova Southeastern University (NSU), Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT), Brown University, University of California – Riverside (UCR), University of Delaware (UD), University of California – Irvine (UCI) giving the highest PhD stipends in the US.

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Applying to the PhD Program

What you need to know to apply

If you are intellectually curious and like to be challenged by new ideas and experiences, consider a Kellogg PhD. Our students shift from being consumers of knowledge to being producers of new knowledge. Through their publications and teaching, Kellogg graduates contribute to business practice and society.

Preparing to apply

Each year, Kellogg receives over 850 applications to its eight PhD programs. On average 25 students enroll each fall.

PhD study requires strong quantitative skills to develop theories and manage and analyze data. This program is especially well suited to those who have previously studied social sciences (such as economics, political science, psychology and sociology), mathematics, natural sciences or engineering.

To be eligible for admission, you must hold a U.S bachelor’s degree — or a comparable non-U.S. degree — from a regionally accredited institution. You may be considered for admission before you finish your undergraduate degree, but you must complete that degree before you enroll at Kellogg. A three-year bachelor’s degree is also accepted.

Application review

During the admissions process, we will evaluate your application file and how your research interests align with the research expertise of our faculty. Also included in our review is the strength of your recommendation letters, academic record, and performance on standardized tests. Your application will help us understand if you are ready to seize all the opportunities that come with joining Kellogg.

Our faculty will assess your:

• Application responses

Transcripts

• Test scores
• Letters of recommendation
• Writing sample (optional)

For international candidates, the committee also assesses:

• English language proficiency 

Master’s degree holders

A master’s degree is not required for enrollment in our PhD programs. For applicants with a master’s degree, note that the coursework taken in a master’s program will not shorten your time to degree. No transfer credit is provided with a master’s and students must satisfy their PhD coursework requirements in full while studying at Kellogg.

Opportunities for collaborative research across programs and schools at Northwestern University are always available; interdisciplinary research is our strength. However, Northwestern permits applicants to apply to one PhD program a year .

There is an exception through the dual application option with the Economics PhD Program, which is outlined below.

Academic experience

The Kellogg PhD Program offers eight distinct areas of focus, each with varying types of experience that are needed for success.

Economics-based PhD programs

• These include Accounting Information & Management, Finance, Financial Economics, Managerial Economics & Strategy, Operations Management, and Marketing (quantitative area)
• Evidence of solid training in math, econometrics and statistics within the application
• Recommended math courses include calculus, linear algebra, probability and mathematical statistics

Behavioral/Sociological-based PhD programs

• These programs include Marketing, Management & Organizations, and a joint program between Management & Organizations & Sociology
• Evidence of statistics for social scientists and quantitative thinking, as well as a strong understanding of central concepts of probability and statistics
• Background in social psychology and sociology

Dual application with Weinberg Economics

Applicants seeking to enroll in an economics-based doctoral program have the option to submit a second application for review to the Economics PhD Program. Kellogg PhD programs participating in this dual application option include, Accounting Information & Management, Finance, Managerial Economics & Strategy and Marketing (quantitative area).

More details about this option are available on The Graduate School website.

Financial aid

Kellogg offers a five-year financial aid package to all admitted doctoral students that includes a stipend, tuition scholarships, health insurance, moving allowance and a subsidy to purchase a computer.

Contact CollegeNET Technical support for help with its online application .

Get a sense for Kellogg faculty expertise, academic research and published work.

• Faculty directory
• Northwestern Scholars database
• To apply for a Kellogg PhD, you will need an updated version of your resume or CV, transcripts from all academic institutions, test scores, an academic statement, a personal statement and three recommendation letters.

How to write your application

Your resume or cv.

Your resume or CV should summarize all of your qualifications, honors, educational accomplishments, and if applicable, current research papers.

Please list all schools where you were registered for courses at the college level, including community colleges, study abroad institutions and current registrations whether or not in a degree program.

Provide one transcript from each college/university you have attended that documents each course taken beyond high-school level, whether or not within a degree program. Certification of degrees received, including the date the degree was awarded, should be noted on the transcript and/or diploma. Please note:

• The Kellogg PhD application requires unofficial transcripts . There is no need to send official transcripts prior to enrollment. Official transcripts are needed only if you decide to enroll
• For applicants who studied at international institutions, transcripts must be accompanied with an official English translation, if applicable

Form for courses taken

The Courses Taken form lets anyone applying to our economics-based programs highlight advanced university courses that directly support their chosen field of study and proficiency in the subject matter. The form allows for up to six advanced courses in each specific area. If you cannot access our form, you may create and upload a form that contains the same information in applicable areas of study.

Download the following forms if you plan to apply to one of these programs. Forms are required with your application submission:

• Accounting Information & Management
• Financial Economics
• Operations Management

If you plan to apply to either of these programs, we highly recommend you fill out one of these forms:

• Managerial Economics & Strategy
• Marketing (quantitative)

Standardized tests

All applicants are required to submit either the GRE or the GMAT regardless of previous experience and/or advanced degrees. We take a holistic approach to the application-review process, meaning there is no minimum score required for eligibility. Test scores are reviewed within the context of the entire application.

GRE required for:

• Management & Organizations & Sociology

GRE or GMAT required for:

• Management & Organizations

The Finance program prefers the GRE, but will accept the GMAT.

The GRE At Home and the GMAT Online exams are accepted. GRE and GMAT scores are valid for five years from the date taken. The institution code for GMAT is: 6WZ-3J-54 (PhD Program, Kellogg). The institution code for GRE is: 1565 (Northwestern Graduate School).

Unofficial test score reports are used during the application review process; however, official GRE and GMAT test scores are required if admission is recommended.

English language proficiency tests

If your native language is not English, The Graduate School requires that you certify proficiency in the English language in one of the following ways:

If your native language is not English, Northwestern requires that you certify proficiency in the English language in one of the following ways:

• TOELF:  We accept 600 or higher on the paper-based exam, 250 or higher on the computer-based exam, or 100 or higher on the Internet-based exam. TOEFL scores through at-home testing service are accepted. The TOEFL institution code is: 1565 (The Graduate School)
• IELTS:  Unofficial score report, submitted at the time of application, for the International English Language Testing System (IELTS) . The IELTS Academic test must be taken no more than two years before the intended quarter of entry (fall quarter). IELTS test takers should score 7.0 or higher. IELTS scores submitted through its at-home testing service are accepted
• MET:  We accept Michigan English Test scores of 70 or higher
• Earning an undergraduate or graduate degree from an accredited institution where the language of instruction is English. Please note, Kellogg provides the waiver after an application is submitted and transcripts have been reviewed. No additional documentation is required. Applicants will see the waiver noted within their online account
• Automatically Waived:  Applicants that are citizens from the following countries where English is the native language will have the requirement automatically waived upon submission of the application (Australia, Barbados, Bermuda, Great Britain, Gibraltar, Israel, Jamaica, New Zealand, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands)

Standardized exams must be taken no more than two years before the intended quarter of entry. Unofficial scores are used during the review process. Official test scores are required only if admission is recommended.

DuoLingo or TOEFL Essentials are not accepted. Kellogg does not require the Test of Spoken English (TSE).

This is your opportunity to share the depth and breath of your academic education. In addition to the tactical and practical elements, think about how each experience helped you grow into the candidate you are today.

Academic statement 

You have a max limit of 1,000 words to answer the following questions:

• What are your academic interests, and why do you wish to pursue graduate studies in this specific program?
• How has your academic and professional background prepared you for graduate study? (Include any research, training, or educational experiences that align with the program you are applying to)
• How will our program help you achieve your intellectual and professional goals?
• What scholarly questions do you wish to explore in the program? (Make sure to include any specific faculty members whose research interests align with your own)

Personal statement 

Write a statement that addresses the following prompt (500 words max):

The Graduate School values diverse backgrounds, approaches, and perspectives, understanding them as essential ingredients for true academic excellence. As a Northwestern graduate student, how would you contribute to an intellectual community that prioritizes equity, inclusion, belonging and cultural humility?

Your answer may draw upon past or present experiences, whether in academic work, extracurricular or community activities, or everyday life.

While a paper is not required for admission to Kellogg’s PhD programs, the Sociology Department does require one, where the applicant is the sole-author, for consideration to the joint program in Management & Organizations and Sociology.

We do not require a writing sample to be submitted with the application; however, you may include one writing sample (30-page maximum) with your application. Hyperlink this paper and any other papers you have on your resume. *Please note: Only one writing sample will be reviewed. Do not upload more than one paper.

We require three letters. Additionally, we ask all recommenders to include Northwestern University’s Graduate Applicant Assessment Form found within the application. Recommendation letters from professors or instructors could include:

• A description of the nature of your relationship. Did you take one or more classes with the professor?
• A description of a research project or honors thesis, discussing the quality of the work, technical and writing skills, research methods used, data analysis, originality, depth of research undertaken, questions/problems raised, contribution to the field, etc.
• The letter should also provide a ranking — how you compared to other students

Recommendation letters from employers and business associates could include:

• Insights into your aptitude, character and working style — ability to work on your own, self-starter, complete a project on time, etc.
• Any research or data analysis you have done within the scope of your work

All letters must be submitted online through our web-based application, CollegeNET . Directions for uploading letters and accessing the Graduate Applicant Assessment Form will be sent to recommenders once the applicant has entered the contact information within the application. We are not able to accept recommendation letters by email.

A $95 non-refundable fee must be paid by credit or debit card within the online application. For those participating in the dual application option with the Economics PhD Program, the application fee is $175. The Graduate School (TGS) at Northwestern University administers the fee waiver program. If you wish to be considered for a fee waiver, please refer to The Graduate School’s website on Application Fees .

After you submit

You’ve invested time, energy and resources into completing your application, so no doubt you’ll want confirmation that your application was received. And we want you to have that peace of mind, too.

So, once you submit your application, you can log back into CollegeNet at any time to view the status and double check that all sections were successfully completed.

We welcome anyone who is interested in reapplying to the doctoral program. Additional time can frequently further cement your research goals and application strength. However, we are unable to provide specific application feedback if you applied in the past.

All candidates can reapply in future years, but you must submit a new application, supporting documents and application fee.

Application dates and deadlines

Application questions? We’re here to help

5 countries offering the highest PhD stipends

Did you know that as a PhD student, there is a difference between salary and PhD stipends?

This is just one of the many things you should know when deciding to do a PhD .

As the highest level of education, a Doctor of Philosophy or PhD can take anywhere from four to 12 years to complete .

Embarking on a journey towards a PhD is an intellectually rewarding pursuit, but it often comes with financial challenges.

So, how do students cope?

If you receive a salary, you are likely an employee the school hired to carry out a job like leading a class.

Like most jobs, salaried workers get a set wage based on their hours and often have employee benefits like subsidised healthcare or compensation.

A PhD stipend is a financial support system for doctoral students to cover living expenses, tuition, and research costs during their academic journey.

There are three types of PhD stipends :

• Graduate Teaching Assistantships (GTAs): For this, you are required to assist by delivering one or more courses over a number of years. You would also need to take on other responsibilities, such as marking student tutorials, supervising lab experiments, and providing support to undergraduates during office hours.
• Research Assistantships (RAs): In this role, you will assist a departmental professor with their research. If you are lucky, the professor will be your PhD supervisor, and their research (and the support you give) will relate to your own doctoral project.
• Stipend via Studentship: This is a non-repayable grant for doctoral students. Unlike the other two stipends, this one rarely has additional suits, but you must progress with your degree.

Have PhD stipends always been like this?

PhD stipends have a rich history that mirrors the evolution of higher education.

Our current understanding of a PhD originated in 19th-century Germany , but doctoral degrees were awarded long before this.

Over time, PhD stipends have evolved into a cornerstone of doctoral education, ensuring that financial constraints do not hinder the pursuit of advanced knowledge.

Fun fact: The term “stipend” itself has Latin origins, coming from “stipendium,” which refers to a soldier’s pay.

This etymology underscores the idea that stipends are a form of financial support for individuals committed to advancing knowledge, akin to soldiers committed to a cause.

Sometimes, these PhD stipends are not enough.

In January 2023, The Guardian reported about how PhD students in Australia were barely earning enough to survive.

“Through Melbourne’s winter, I know people forced into less than suitable housing who weren’t turning on their heat,” said Tara-Lyn Camilleri, who lobbied to raise the stipend at Monash University from 30,000 AUD to A$37,000 while completing her PhD last year.

It was eventually raised to A$33,000, about A$4,500 less than the minimum wage after tax.

As PhDs can take years to complete, it is always easier to do one when you have money saved away instead of relying entirely on the PhD stipend.

Eric Schmidt, former CEO and Chairman of Google, has a PhD in electrical engineering.

Forbes even released a list of the most popular PhDs among billionaires :

• Former CEO of Google. Eric Schmidt (estimated net worth: US$16.2 billion), UC Berkeley
• The man behind Garmin GPS, Min Kao (US$4.2 billion), University of Tennessee
• Co-Founder, Chief Technology Officer and Chairman of Broadcom, Henry Samueli (US$7.7 billion), UCLA
• Founder of D. E. Shaw & Co., L.P., David Shaw (US$7.9 billion),  Stanford University
• Co-Founder & Co-Chairman of Two Sigma, David Siegel  (US$6.8 billion), Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• The man behind some of Microsoft’s most successful software, including Word and Excel, Charles Simonyi (US$5.2 billion), Stanford University

And while having these PhDs doesn’t necessarily mean you’re on your way to the list of richest people in the world, it definitely makes you more knowledgeable than most. Having a PhD stipend will simply make this journey to the top easier.

In fact, some universities around the world have increased their stipends recently to attract more talent.

• The Canadian government has pledged 825 million CAD (approximately US$603 million) to support next-generation researchers by increasing both the number and value of stipends over the next five years. This would increase annual PhD stipends from 24,000 CAD to 40,000 CAD.
• Vanderbilt University, one of the most expensive universities in the world , will increase its PhD stipends to a range of US$34,000 to US$38,000 beginning in the 2024-25 academic year.
• De La Salle University is offering full tuition and fees with monthly stipends of 35,000 PHP (approximately US$600) for full-time students in any PhD academic programme through the Saint Miguel Febres Cordero PhD Scholarship Programme.

Now, if you’re a promising PhD student hoping to secure your stipend, try checking out these countries with some of the best offers:

The University of Vienna is a public research university located in Austria. Source: University of Vienna

Top 5 countries with the highest PhD stipends

• Average PhD stipend: US$104,328
• Average cost of living: US$1,705.67

Boasting over 50 institutions of higher education, it is no surprise that Austria is a top choice for a PhD.

Its rich cultural and academic heritage offers competitive stipends, with institutions like the University of Vienna leading the way.

This is because of the country’s commitment to academic excellence and research.

Universities often collaborate with international partners, contributing to a vibrant research community.

Government funding and a focus on supporting doctoral research contribute to the attractiveness of stipends in Austria.

Here are some of the best universities in Austria:

• University of Vienna
• Vienna University of Technology
• University of Innsbruck
• Medical University of Graz
• Salzburg University

  View this post on Instagram   A post shared by UvA: University of Amsterdam (@uva_amsterdam)

Netherlands

• Average PhD stipend: US$74,163
• Cost of living: US$861.45  to US$1292.17

The Netherlands, known for its innovation and research-driven culture, offers competitive stipends, with institutions like Delft University of Technology providing substantial financial support.

About 10 Dutch research universities are ranked in the top 200 of the Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2022.

The Netherlands is also highly ranked internationally for the number of publications per researcher (second) and for the impact of research publication (fourth).

“The PhD salary in the Netherlands is one of the best in the world,” a former PhD says to Dutch News .

“In the UK, the salaries are just 1,000 pounds and PhD students need to work at weekends. I was able to buy a house while being a PhD student here.”

Here are some of the top universities in the Netherlands :

• University of Amsterdam
• Leiden University
• University of Groningen
• Delft University of Technology (TU Delft)
• Erasmus University Rotterdam

The University of Helsinki has one of the highest PhD stipends. Source: University of Helsinki

• Average PhD stipend: US$46,537
• Cost of living:  US$646.09 to US$969.13

Renowned for its high-quality education system, Finland offers competitive stipends, with institutions like the University of Helsinki providing substantial financial support.

Government funding often supports stipends in Finland, reflecting the country’s commitment to nurturing the next generation of researchers.

Students are also encouraged to take ownership of the research in Finland.

Here are the top universities in Finland :

• University of Helsinki
• Aalto University
• University of Oulu
• Tampere University
• University of Turku

Universities in Denmark often offer industrial PhDs. Source: University of Copenhagen

• Average PhD stipend: US$53,436
• Average cost of living: US$11,45.62

Denmark strongly emphasises education and research, and the country’s social welfare system ensures that stipends are sufficient to cover living expenses.

The country also offers an Industrial PhD option if you want to conduct a research project with commercial perspectives.

Denmark is also popular for the balance of robust academics and a great living standard, giving international students the best of both worlds.

Here are the best universities in Denmark:

• University of Copenhagen
• Technical University of Denmark
• Aarhus University
• University of Southern Denmark (SDU)
• Aalborg University
• Average PhD stipend: US$42,618
• Average cost of living: US$2,512.13

The land of innovation and Vikings beckons ambitious scholars with competitive stipends and one institution that stands out is the renowned Karolinska Institute.

Sweden’s commitment to pioneering research and its unique blend of modernity and tradition make it an alluring destination for those pursuing a PhD.

Most universities in Sweden offer salaries instead of stipends.

Here are some of the leading institutions in Sweden :

• Blekinge Institute of Technology
• Chalmers University of Technology
• Dalarna University
• Halmstad University
• Jönköping University

*All figures were converted as of the time of writing on December 7, 2023.

Disclaimer: This article was last updated on May 23, 2024.

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How hard is it to get paid to do PhD in the US as an international student in engineering?

Quick background about myself

I just want to give a quick introduction to my background but I think this could be relevant and beneficial to a lot of people. I am a Mechanical Engineering student studying at Imperial College London and working towards a GPA 4.0 equivalent, with a GPA 3.7-3.8 predicted/guaranteed. I will be graduating with an MEng degree in the summer of 2018. I also hold a Turkish passport (non-EU).

Into the question

I want to know how hard it is to get fully covered for tuition fees, accommodation and other expenses while getting paid a salary on top (I would still be consent with not getting paid as long as I do not pay anything other than my pocket money). From minimal research I came to find that this can be extremely unlikely, although, I also found that you have slightly more chances in some fields such as engineering since a lot of capital flow from the industry.

So from base line knowledge, I suspect my main options are to secure a scholarship that covers you fully, get the university to fund you or get a company to sponsor your research. I also know that it is usually a combination of the above.

I am a very driven person with a lot of passion for the field and I will be applying to universities such as Stanford and MIT. I am currently doing a research internship at Stanford and I also hold past research experience from Imperial College London. I will likely be getting published in a decent journal from my current research internship (at the age of 20). I just want to know what are the chances of getting paid let alone paying for tuition fees since I do not want to ask my parents for financial help. I would rather find a good job then to pay thousands of dollars for another 4-5 years, although doing a PhD has been my aspiration since very young.

Please do not hesitate to point to further resources as answer to the question and any help is appreciated.

• united-states
• engineering

• 10 PhD in the sciences are typically funded, at least in the West. Not sure what research lead you to believe funding is uncommon. If you get admitted you will be funded, but may have to be a teaching or research assistant. An offer of admission with no funding is considered a soft rejection. –  user8001 Commented Jul 22, 2017 at 20:20
• 2 Note that 'funding' will be a tuition waver plus a salary (stipend), normally a TA or RA position. You need to figure out how to spend that on housing, food, transportation, insurance, etc. –  Jon Custer Commented Jul 22, 2017 at 20:36
• 4 In the US, TA and RA positions belong exclusively to graduate students. They aren't applicable to postdocs. (For a postdoc, research is a part of their job description by default; if they are teaching, it is usually at a level comparable to faculty rather than a TA, and they may get a courtesy title like "visiting assistant professor".) –  Nate Eldredge Commented Jul 22, 2017 at 22:44
• 2 "From minimal research ... " you get nowhere with minimal research. Not to the US, and not to a PhD. Especially not at Standford or MIT. –  Karl Commented Jul 23, 2017 at 7:28
• 2 @Karl I think "from minimal research" = "from some googling regarding PhD programs" –  Dawn Commented Jul 23, 2017 at 13:50

2 Answers 2

In engineering, the primary source of support for international PhD students in the US is:

• 10.4% via teaching assistantships
• 71.7% via research assistantships or traineeships
• 11.5% via fellowships or grants
• Small portion via other sources (e.g. self funded, employer funded).

Source: Survey of Earned Doctorates, TABLE 35. Doctorate recipients' primary source of financial support, by broad field of study, sex, citizenship status, ethnicity, and race: 2014

In STEM fields in the US, both US citizen and international PhD students are generally offered admission with funding, which will be provided via teaching assistantships, research assistantships, or some combination of the above. US STEM PhD offers that don't come with funding are generally not worth accepting. So it's not about specifically trying to get funding, it's about getting a real offer of admissions (which should come with funding).

• you should be more frank. NO funding-dont accept! –  SSimon Commented Jul 23, 2017 at 16:14

My answer comes from my background as an international student with B.Sc from a university in a developing country (You probably never heard my institution nor my country) and I got full-ride PhD offer from two US universities (different major, both ranked in top 30-40 according to US NEWS). I applied to 7 universities. So, the success rate is around 28%.

"How hard is it to get paid to do PhD in the US as an international student in engineering?"

Using your background, I would say that, it is not that hard. Compared to me, you come from a well-known institution with an extensive research experience in a top US school.

However, to be clear, the difficulty in getting into a STEM PhD program really depends on many factors. So, the right answer will be: it depends.

It depends on which university that you think you want to join. If, you narrow down your choice into only MIT and Stanford, it will be pretty hard. You should have stellar record in all aspects of your applications: recommendation letters, research experiences, publications, standardized test scores.

Even if you have those credentials, you might be not lucky enough to be accepted with funding if your desired professors are not looking for a graduate student.

To give you a better chance in being accepted with funding in a US PhD program, I would suggest you to apply to as many institutions as long as you are not overwhelmed with the application process. May the force be with you :)

• That actually helps a lot and thank you so much! –  thephysicsguy Commented Jul 26, 2017 at 6:54

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PhD Stipend in USA: Types, Eligibility, and Top Universities

Zollege Team

Content Curator | Updated On - Feb 14, 2024

PhD stipend in USA is an allowance given every month to PHD candidates to cover their daily expenses, research, and accommodation. PhD stipend in USA for international students vary as per the university and institution. There are three factors affecting the PhD stipend in USA. They are if the candidates are assisting in undergraduate teaching or whether they are assisting in research and if they have secured a PhD. in USA with a stipend. 

The uses by the candidates are in various forms. There are various scholarships to study in USA provided to PhD students.  Candidates can check the Fullbright scholarships in USA. This will have multiple scholarships and stipends for PhD students in USA. To gain the stipend, candidates must have F1 Student Visa and must be eligible for study in USA. The places where candidates can use the average PhD stipend in USA are in commute costs, food, home and office expenses insurance, living expenses, travel, mobile or internet subscriptions , and training and professional development.

The PhD stipend in USA is meant to cover the monthly expenses and is not considered a salary. Candidates usually take 4-6 years to complete PhD. The average PhD stipend for USA is USD 15,000 - USD 30,000. Most PhD candidates in the United States receive payment in the form of stipend for nine months in a year. However, there are several schools provide support of stipend of PhD students in USA during the summer months also. Candidates need to give multiple exams to study in USA .

• Types of PhD Stipends
• Eligibility for PhD 
• Top Universities

Types of PhD Stipends in USA

There are three types of PhD in USA stipends. The highest PhD stipend in USA depends on the college or university. There are multiple benefits of Studying in USA with scholarships. The types of scholarships are:

• Graduate Teaching Assistantships (GTAs): Candidates might be asked to teach the undergraduate students over the course of time. This includes marking student tutorials, supervising experiments, providing support to undergraduates and many more.
• Research Assistantships (RAs): For this type of stipend, PhD students will assist a departmental professor with their research. They are selected based on their past statistics depending on Grading system in USA. This research is ideally related to the subject that the candidate is doing PhD on.
• Stipend via Studentship: This is a grant received on helping doctoral students with their studies. A studentship covers a student’s tuition fees whilst a stipend covers a PhD student’s living costs in the US education system .

Eligibility for PhD in the USA

The minimum academic qualification for PhD programs in the USA is a full-time master’s degree. Candidates must clearly demonstrate the result and dedication of their master’s degree. The requirements for PhD in USA are:

• English language proficiency test: International students need to take an IELTS or TOEFL .
• Good academic record: Applicants need to have exceptional academic grades in undergraduate and postgraduate courses.
• Work experience: Candidates need to show their academic projects, internships, and training records to apply for PhD stipend. They also need to show the experience, if any.
• Candidates must apply within the application deadline for top universities in USA .
• Documents: The list of documents required are transcripts, application form, fee payment slip, letter of recommendation, US student visa , passport, internship documents, statement of purpose, and a detailed curriculum vitae.
• The qualifying score is usually 6-7 in IELTS . However, it varies as per the university.
• Statement of Purpose
• Letter of Recommendation:
• Standardized test scores like GRE or GMAT .

Top Universities offering PhD Stipend

The PhD stipend in USA is provided in various top universities in USA .  Stanford University provides students USD 52,920 stipend annually. Rice University also providesUSD 40,000 per year annually to students. The table below shows the stipend amounts and eligibility required for international students who wish to apply for PhD stipends.The list of universities providing stipend for PhD students in USA are:

1 USD = 83.07 INR, dated 14 th  February, 2024

Most of public universities in USA provides PhD stipend in USA for Indian students. These stipends are considered Jobs in USA for PhD students. The amount of stipend varies for different universities. Candidates can check the official websites of the university for the details and requirements to be eligible for PhD Stipend in USA.

Ques. What is a PhD stipend?

Ans: A PhD stipend is a financial support package provided to doctoral students to cover their living expenses, tuition fees, and research costs during their pursuit of a PhD degree. Stipends are often awarded as part of a graduate assistantship or fellowship.

Ques. How much is a typical PhD stipend in the USA?

Ans: The amount of a PhD stipend can vary depending on the field of study, university, and funding source. On average, PhD stipends in the USA range from $20,000 to $35,000 per year.

Ques. Are PhD stipends taxable?

Ans: Yes, PhD stipends are typically considered taxable income. However, there may be certain exemptions or deductions available based on individual circumstances.

Ques. How do I apply for a PhD stipend in the USA?

Ans: To apply for a PhD stipend, candidates usually need to apply for admission to a doctoral program at a university or research institution. Many universities automatically consider applicants for stipends during the admissions process, while others may require a separate application for specific fellowships or assistantships.

Ques. What are the eligibility criteria for a PhD stipend?

Ans: Eligibility criteria for PhD stipends can vary depending on the university and funding source. Common criteria include academic merit, research potential, and relevant experience.

Ques. Can international students receive PhD stipends in the USA?

Ans: Yes, many universities in the USA offer PhD stipends to international students. The availability and amount of stipends for international students may differ from those for domestic students..

Ques. Are PhD stipends enough to cover living expenses?

Ans: PhD stipends are designed to provide financial support for living expenses. The cost can vary depending on factors such as the location and cost of living in the area where the university is located.

Ques. Can I work outside of my stipend-funded research or teaching duties?

Ans: Yes, some universities and programs may allow additional part-time work, but it is important to check the terms and conditions of the specific stipend.

Ques. Can I negotiate the amount of my PhD stipend?

Ans: Usually the amounts cannot be negotiated. However, candidates can inform the office of the situation based on which a decision might be taken. .

Ques. What are some alternative sources of funding for PhD students in the USA?

Ans: Apart from stipends, the sources include scholarships, fellowships, grants, research assistantships, teaching assistantships, and external funding from organizations or foundations.

Ques: Which university gives highest PhD stipend?

Ans:  At Stanford University, PhD students get a whopping USD 45,850 stipend. This hefty sum covers not just tuition but also living expenses, a critical factor in places with a high cost of living.

Ques: Which PhD pays most?

Ans:  Most of the highest-paying doctoral degrees are in engineering and computer science fields. However, doctoral degrees in economics, nursing, and medical-related fields also make the list. Information science is the fastest-growing field for folks who want an unique doctoral degrees. 

Ques: Is Indian PhD valid in USA?

Ans:  If you have a PhD from an Indian university, it is valid anywhere in the world. You may be asked to prove your degree credentials if the university is not well known. 

Ques: Is PhD stipend enough for living in USA?

Ans:  This depends on various factors that includes factors like the field of study, location, and the university's funding structure. But most find the stipend sufficient to live on, especially when combined with tuition waivers and assistantships.

Ques: What is the duration of PhD in USA?

Ans:  The duration of a PhD degree at an American university usually takes around 4-6 years of full-time study to complete for international students. Students spend 1-4 years on the coursework stage of their programme and 2-4 years working on their dissertation.

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PhD student accused of killing friend's baby faces death penalty if convicted

Pittsburgh prosecutors are seeking the death penalty in the case of a woman accused of killing a 6-week-old baby and injuring his twin brother in June, a new court filing shows.

Nicole Virzi, 30, a PhD student, was charged with homicide and multiple counts of aggravated assault and endangering the welfare of children. The charges stem from an incident in June when Virzi was babysitting the twin boys of a couple she knew in Pittsburgh.

According to a criminal complaint, Virzi called the police on the night of June 15, claiming that one of the twins had fallen from a bassinet. The baby, named Leon Katz, was rushed to a nearby children's hospital, where he was pronounced dead.

The next evening, Virzi discovered injuries to Leon’s twin brother, including scratches, bruising and swelling. After the second baby was taken to the hospital, doctors found the injuries sustained by both twins were neither natural nor accidental.

An examination by the medical examiner's office revealed that Leon had suffered from a severe skull fracture and multiple brain bleeds, with the cause of death determined to be blunt force trauma to the head, resulting from homicide.

Virzi, who had been staying at an Airbnb property in Pittsburgh, told police that Leon was in a bouncer seat when she left the room to get him a bottle. She then heard the baby screaming and found him on the floor before she contacted police. Virzi also alleged that Leon's twin brother got a scratch to his face when she tried to put him in a car seat and he flailed his arms.

The twins' parents denied inflicting any injuries on their children.

The Allegheny County District Attorney's Office cited torture as one of the aggravating factors justifying its pursuit of the death penalty.

Virzi’s defense attorney, David Shrager, told NBC News that Virzi was close friends with the twin’s parents and maintains her innocence.

“This was not the direction we hoped the case would go,” Shrager said. “We strongly disagree with the allegations made by the DA’s office regarding the death penalty. We will of course be litigating this case aggressively until the truth comes out.”

Virzi was pursuing her doctorate at the University of California, San Diego. According to the university's website , she was studying behavioral medicine in the joint doctoral program in clinical psychology.

She is being held in the Allegheny County Jail without bond.

Pennsylvania is one of 27 states where the death penalty remains legal. Over 100 people remain on death row in the state — including just one woman — but no executions have been carried out since 1999.

When Gov. Josh Shapiro took office last year, he a nnounced that he would not issue any execution warrants during his term. He called on the General Assembly to abolish the death penalty, saying, "The Commonwealth shouldn't be in the business of putting people to death."

News Associate 

PhD student salary – How much cash will you get?

When considering starting a PhD you need to think about how much you will get as a PhD student at a minimum. Ideally, you would be fully funded so that you could focus 100% on your studies.

A PhD student salary ranges from US$17,000 a year (New Zealand) all the way up to US$104,000 a year (Austria). The amount you need depends significantly on the living costs of a particular country. Places like the Netherlands, Finland, Denmark and Sweden have the highest living cost ratio.

Generally speaking, you can expect to receive a modest stipend for living expenses as well as tuition assistance.

In 2007 my PhD stipend was AU$20,000 (approximately US$13,000). At the time, this was enough for me to live comfortably and save a little bit of money as well.

As the cost-of-living increases PhD student salaries are being stretched to their limits.

Here is data for a range of countries ordered by the best living ratio the higher. The living to cost ratio the further the stipend goes. Data was collected from Glassdoor.com and Numeo .

In the US, most PhD students make between $20,000 and $45,000 per year. Some more prestigious programs may offer higher salaries.

Salaries vary by institution and field of study, so you should check with your school’s department to find out what kind of compensation they offer.

Additionally, many universities provide additional funding opportunities such as research grants or teaching assistantships that can help supplement your income. While you may not get rich off of a PhD student salary, it is possible to make enough money to cover basic needs while continuing your studies.

What Are PhD Student Salaries?

PhD students don’t necessarily get “salaries”.

Full-time doctoral students are typically paid a stipend which is usually a fixed amount that covers living expenses as well as tuition.

Other forms of financial support may include fellowships, grants and teaching or research assistantships.

In addition to monetary compensation, PhD students may also receive health insurance and other benefits such as free housing or childcare services. Many universities also offer career counselling services for their PhD students in order to help them find jobs after graduation.

Ultimately, PhD student salaries can vary greatly and it’s important to consider all factors when evaluating PhD offers.

Countries offering Highest PhD stipends in the World

There are a variety of countries that are better at funding PhD students than others. Check out my YouTube video which goes through the countries with the highest PhD stipend and how you can boost yours.

Here is a quick rundown of other benefits if you are considering doing a PhD abroad.

Netherlands

As an international student, you may be considering studying for a PhD in the Netherlands. The Netherlands is home to some of the top universities in Europe and offers a wide range of PhD programs. In addition, the Dutch government offers a number of scholarships and grants for international students.

I’ve done some research and found that the average salary for a PhD student in the Netherlands is around US$74163 per year . This figure is before any additional income from grants or scholarships. So, if you’re planning on studying for a PhD in the Netherlands, it’s important to bear in mind that you’ll need to budget for living costs on top of your tuition.

Switzerland

Every year, the Swiss Confederation and Swiss National Science Foundation award scholarships to international postgraduate researchers who desire to pursue their PhD in Switzerland. It’s home to some of our planet’s most stunning landscapes and among its brightest minds.

Switzerland is known for its degrees in business, is home to some of the best institutes of technology, and is a world leader in finance and banking.

Sweden is a well-developed and prosperous country with a strong tradition of academic excellence.

Swedish universities are consistently ranked highly in international rankings, making it an attractive destination for students from all over the world.

PhD students in Sweden can expect to receive a competitive stipend to help cover living costs during their studies. About USD$42618 per year , according to my research.

In addition, there are a number of scholarships and grants available to help cover the costs of tuition and other expenses.

Denmark is one of the top countries in the world for research and development, making it an attractive prospect for PhD students. The country offers generous stipends to PhD students, with no additional fees for being a student. The average PhD stipend in Denmark is around US$53,436 per year.

Norway is one of the countries offering a high PhD stipend. The average PhD stipend in Norway is around US$50,268 per year . PhD students in Norway also benefit from a high quality of life, as the country is regularly ranked as one of the best places to live in the world.

If you are considering pursuing a PhD, Norway should definitely be on your list of potential countries to study in.

Things to consider for PhD stipends

Before you settle on your PhD there are a few things to consider about your stipend.

Things such as industry top ups can significantly increase your earning potential as a PhD student and looking at the living costs in a particular country as well as the particular terms and conditions for your PhD stipend will mean you do not end up being shortchanged.

Industry Top-ups

One of the best ways that I have seen PhD students earn more money and raise their minimum salary is by looking for industry supported PhD positions and top ups.

For example, while I was on AU$20,000 a year, one of my colleagues in the department was on AU$60,000 a year and was guaranteed a job after their PhD. They had a top up scholarship from an industry partner sponsoring their battery research.

Looking for these opportunities may help you earn significantly more money during your PhD.

Living costs

Quite frankly, PhD living costs vary dramatically from country to country and city to city. European countries may have a relatively high PhD stipend but the living costs are also higher.

The best way to determine the buying power of your PhD scholarship is to consider it in terms of the living costs. The best way to do that is with the living cost index.

Here are the best countries to get a PhD stipend relative to the cost of living. The higher the living ratio the better.

You can see that Austria tops this list and many of the Scandinavian countries also are high on the list. Places like Ireland and New Zealand are one of the worst places to do your PhD if you want your stipend to go a long way.

Length of the PhD

In countries like the United States of America, the PhD system means that you need to do a 5 to 7 year PhD. This significantly increases the amount of time that you will spend in university and, therefore, your earning potential will be limited for a longer amount of time.

I chose to do my PhD in Australia because it would only take me three years as an international student. Choosing a PhD with a shorter timescale from the UK, Australia, New Zealand or European countries may be best for you.

Terms and conditions

Lastly, it is important to scrutinise the terms and conditions of your PhD stipend.

Some stipends do not allow students to get a second job which significantly limits their full-time earning potential. Other places, do not put any restrictions on their PhD students even with a full scholarship.

If you want to know more about earning more money during your PhD check out the two articles below.

• The best PhD student part-time jobs [Full guide]
• Is it possible to earn a PhD while working? The brutal truth

How to Get a PhD Stipend

To get a stipend, you will need to apply for funding through the university or other organizations offering scholarships and grants.

Be sure to carefully read through all requirements of the application process and submit all necessary documents, such as transcripts, essays, recommendation letters and financial aid forms.

You may also need to show proof of academic excellence, such as high grades or awards. For example, I was required to achieve a first class masters before being able to access any funding from a foreign university.

Once accepted, you will usually receive a monthly payment from the organization as well as tuition assistance. Additionally, many universities offer research assistantships which provide students with an opportunity to gain hands-on experience in their field while earning money at the same time.

With dedication and hard work, obtaining a PhD stipend can help reduce some of the financial burden associated with higher education.

Wrapping up

This article has been through everything you need to know that PhD student salaries and giving you some real-world numbers on what you can expect in different countries.

The real important value is the living cost ratio to ensure that your PhD stipend goes as far as possible and is not eaten up quickly by rent, food, and other basic necessities.

It is possible for PhD students to not only live comfortably but also put some money aside if you are very careful about choosing a PhD with a full stipend and looking for other opportunities to top up the money with industry partnerships and other grants.

Dr Andrew Stapleton has a Masters and PhD in Chemistry from the UK and Australia. He has many years of research experience and has worked as a Postdoctoral Fellow and Associate at a number of Universities. Although having secured funding for his own research, he left academia to help others with his YouTube channel all about the inner workings of academia and how to make it work for you.

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A subreddit dedicated to PhDs.

How much is your stipend? Sincerely, a PhD trying to argue for an Increase.

In my opinion, $2000 is much to low. If you don’t feel comfortable saying what school, just say what state. I am particularly interested in US-based PhDs.

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