hypothesis questions and answers pdf

ANSWER . a. The p-value is less than 0.1, so it is significant at 0.1 level. b. The p-value is bigger than 0.05, so it is not significant at 0.05 level. c. The achieved level is 0.058. SOLUTION - This question is asking for a hypothesis test of the equality of two means in the setting of two independent groups (state v private) . Research Question

signi cance level, the null hypothesis that the student is guessing the a nswers. b In a further test there are 120 questions. The same student took the test and got 32 correct. Test, at the 10% signi cance level, whether there is evidence to show the student is guessing the answers. Answer a Let X be the number of correct answers achieved.

Null hypothesis: There is no clear winning opinion on this issue; the proportions who would answer yes or no are each 0.50. Alternative hypothesis: Fewer than 0.50, or 50%, of the population would answer yes to this question. The majority do not think Clinton has the honesty and integrity to be president. Step 2.

hypothesis test (significance test) is a way to decide whether the data strongly support one point of view or another. a significance probability (P -value). The following gives an overview of most of the different kinds of significance tests. Step 1: Pick the null and alternative hypotheses.

one-tail test, test statistic is z, α = 0 . 05 , critical value ±1.645. • P-value. the probability of obtaining a value of the test statistic that is at least as extreme as the one calculated using sample data given that the null hypothesis is true. calculation of an exact P-value depends on the alternative hypothesis.

Hypothesis Testing. The intent of hypothesis testing is formally examine two opposing conjectures (hypotheses), H0 and HA. These two hypotheses are mutually exclusive and exhaustive so that one is true to the exclusion of the other. We accumulate evidence - collect and analyze sample information - for the purpose of determining which of the two ...

Chapter 5 Hypothesis Testing. Chapter 5Hypothesis TestingA second type of statistical inf. rence is hypothesis testing. Here, rather than use ei-ther a point (or interval) estimate from a random sample to approximate a population parameter, hypothesis testing uses point estimate to decide which of two hypotheses (guesses.

will reject the null hypothesis (cutoffs) p levels (α): Probabilities used to determine the critical value 5. Calculate test statistic (e.g., z statistic) 6. Make a decision Statistically Significant: Instructs us to reject the null hypothesis because the pattern in the data differs from whldbhlhat we would expect by chance alone.

Case1: Population is normally or approximately normally distributed with known or unknown variance (sample size n may be small or large), Case 2: Population is not normal with known or unknown variance (n is large i.e. n≥30). 3.Hypothesis: we have three cases. Case I : H0: μ=μ0 HA: μ μ0. e.g. we want to test that the population mean is ...

We answer this question in this step of hypothesis testing. 3. Select a random sample from the population and measure the sample mean. For example, we could select 20 children and measure the mean time (in hours) that they watch TV per week. ... Answers: 1. The population mean; 2. False. Researchers select a sample from a population to learn ...

Fifteen randomly chosen teenagers were asked how many hours per week they spend on the phone. The sample mean was 4.75 hours with a sample standard deviation of 2.0. Conduct a hypothesis test. The null and alternative hypotheses are: H0: ˉx = 4.5, Ha: ˉx > 4.5. H0: μ ≥ 4.5, Ha: μ < 4.5. H0: μ = 4.75, Ha: μ > 4.75.

2. [Textbook Exercise 7.57] For each of the following, answer the question and give a short explanation of your reasoning. a. A significance test for comparing two means gave t=−1.97 with 10 degrees of freedom. Can you reject the null hypothesis that the μ's are equal versus the two-sided alternative at the 5% significance level? Answer:

9 Hypothesis Tests. (Ch 9.1-9.3, 9.5-9.9) Statistical hypothesis: a claim about the value of a parameter or population characteristic. Examples: H: μ = 75 cents, where μ is the true population average of daily per-student candy+soda expenses in US high schools. H: p < .10, where p is the population proportion of defective helmets for a given ...

What is Hypothesis Testing? • … the use of statistical procedures to answer research questions • Typical research question (generic): • For hypothesis testing, research questions are statements: • This is the null hypothesis (assumption of "no difference") • Statistical procedures seek to reject or accept the null

Hypothesis Testing www.naikermaths.com 10. (a) Define the critical region of a test statistic.(2) A discrete random variable X has a Binomial distribution B(30, p).A single observation is used to test H 0: p = 0.3 against H 1: p ≠ 0.3 (b) Using a 1% level of significance find the critical region of this test.You should state the probability of rejection in each tail which should be as close ...

Testing claims based on a confidence interval (cont.) Using a confidence interval for hypothesis testing might be insufficient in some cases since it gives a yes/no (reject/don't reject) answer, as opposed to quantifying our decision with a probability. Formal hypothesis testing allows us to report a probability along with our decision.

Step 1: The hypothesis statement is H0: μ = 150 versus H1: μ ≠ 150. Observe that μ represents the true-but-unknown mean for the new Krisp-o-Matic machine. The comparison value 150 is the numerical claim, and we want to compare μ to 150. It might seem that the whole problem was set up with H1: μ < 150 in mind.

a. Test the null hypothesis H0: =950 against a two-sided alternative hypothesis. Use a .05 level of significance. The two critical values of the test are 927.38 and 972.62. We reject the null hypothesis because the test statistic is in the rejection region on the right hand side of the distribution. b.

Hypothesis Testing The idea of hypothesis testing is: Ask a question with two possible answers Design a test, or calculation of data Base the decision (answer) on the test Example: In 2010, 24% of children were dressed as Justin Bieber for Halloween. We want to test whether or not this proportion increased in 2011.

10. The teacher claims that children use more gold beads during the activity and checks a random sample of 20 beads out of the bag, after the end of the activity. She finds just two gold beads in the sample. Test, at the 5% level of significance, whether or not there is evidence to support the teacher's claim.

"A hypothesis is a conjectural statement of the relation between two or more variables". (Kerlinger, 1956) "Hypothesis is a formal statement that presents the expected relationship between an independent and dependent variable."(Creswell, 1994) "A research question is essentially a hypothesis asked in the form of a question."

5. Phrase your hypothesis in three ways. To identify the variables, you can write a simple prediction in if…then form. The first part of the sentence states the independent variable and the second part states the dependent variable. If a first-year student starts attending more lectures, then their exam scores will improve.